2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Immunology/Inflammation
  4. COX

COX

Cyclooxygenase

COX

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Cyclooxygenase (COX), officially known as prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase (PTGS), is an enzyme that is responsible for formation of important biological mediators called prostanoids, including prostaglandins, prostacyclin and thromboxane. Pharmacological inhibition of COX can provide relief from the symptoms of inflammation and pain. Drugs, like Aspirin, that inhibit cyclooxygenase activity have been available to the public for about 100 years. Two cyclooxygenase isoforms have been identified and are referred to as COX-1 and COX-2. Under many circumstances the COX-1 enzyme is produced constitutively (i.e., gastric mucosa) whereas COX-2 is inducible (i.e., sites of inflammation). Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID), such as aspirin and ibuprofen, exert their effects through inhibition of COX. The main COX inhibitors are the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).

COX Isoform Specific Products:

COX Isoform Comparison
Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-126121
    2-Hydroxy Ibuprofen
    		Inhibitor
    2-Hydroxy Ibuprofen is a metabolite of Ibuprofen. Ibuprofen is an anti-inflammatory inhibitor targeting COX-1 and COX-2 with IC50s of 13 μM and 370 μM, respectively.
    2-Hydroxy Ibuprofen
  • HY-N7148R
    γ-Tocopherol (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    γ-Tocopherol (Standard) is the analytical standard of γ-Tocopherol. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. γ-Tocopherol (D-γ-Tocopherol) is a potent cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitor. γ-Tocopherol is a naturally occurring form of Vitamin E in many plant seeds, such as corn oil and soybeans. γ-Tocopherol possesses antiinflammatory properties and anti-cancer activity.
    γ-Tocopherol (Standard)
  • HY-155808
    STAT3-IN-18
    		Inhibitor
    STAT3-IN-18 (compound SPP) is a platinum (IV) complex with an axial ligand derived from sandalwood. STAT3-IN-18 inhibits the JAK2-STAT3 pathway in breast cancer (BC) cells, with anti-proliferative activity. STAT3-IN-18 activates caspase-3 and increases cleaved polyADP-ribose polymerase to induce apoptosis. STAT3-IN-18 promotes maturation and antigen presentation of dendritic cells and demonstrates safety in vivo.
    STAT3-IN-18
  • HY-101579
    LY 178002
    		Inhibitor
    LY 178002 is a potent inhibitor of 5-lipoxygenase (5-LPO), phospholipase A2, with IC50 of 0.6 μM for 5-lipoxygenase, inhibits cellular production of LTB4 by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes, and shows relatively weak inhibition on cyclooxygenase.
    LY 178002
  • HY-N1380R
    Guaiacol (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Guaiacol (Standard) is the analytical standard of Guaiacol. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Guaiacol, a phenolic compound, inhibits LPS-stimulated COX-2 expression and NF-κB activation. Anti-inflammatory activity.
    Guaiacol (Standard)
  • HY-W121901
    Naproxen glucuronide
    Naproxen glucuronide ((S)-Naproxen-β-D-glucuronide) is a non-selective COX inhibitor. Naproxen glucuronide, a metabolite of naproxen, is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) of the propionic acid class (the same as ibuprofen) that relieves pain, fever, swelling, and stiffness.
    Naproxen glucuronide
  • HY-N0481R
    Roburic acid (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Roburic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of Roburic acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Roburic acid, a tetracyclic triterpenoid found in Gentiana macrophylla, acts as an inhibitor of COX, with IC50s of 5 and 9 μM for COX-1 and COX-2, respectively.
    Roburic acid (Standard)
  • HY-115922
    Anti-inflammatory agent 10
    Anti-inflammatory agent 10 (compound 30) is a tilomisole-based benzimidazothiazole derivative. Anti-inflammatory agent 10 expresses activity on COX-2 enzyme more than COX-1. Anti-inflammatory agent 10 is orally active.
    Anti-inflammatory agent 10
  • HY-B0808S
    Oxaprozin-d4
    		Inhibitor 99.08%
    Oxaprozin-d4 is the deuterium labeled Oxaprozin, which is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID).
    Oxaprozin-d<sub>4</sub>
  • HY-B0531S
    Triflusal-d3
    		Inhibitor
    Triflusal-d3 is deuterium labeled Triflusal.
    Triflusal-d<sub>3</sub>
  • HY-147911
    COX-2/PI3K-IN-1
    		Inhibitor
    COX-2/PI3K-IN-1 (compound 5d) is a potent PI3K inhibitor with IC50 value of 1.14 nM. COX-2/PI3K-IN-1 is a selective COX-2 inhibitor with Ki value of 3.24 nM. COX-2/PI3K-IN-1 has anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties.
    COX-2/PI3K-IN-1
  • HY-66005R
    Acetaminophen (Standard)
    		Inhibitor 99.94%
    Acetaminophen (Standard) is the analytical standard of Acetaminophen. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Acetaminophen (Paracetamol) is a selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor with an IC50 of 25.8 μM; is a widely used antipyretic and analgesic agent. Acetaminophen is a potent hepatic N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2) inhibitor.
    Acetaminophen (Standard)
  • HY-147910
    Carpro-AM1
    		Inhibitor
    Carpro-AM1 is a dual-acting FAAH/substrate-selective COX inhibitor with an IC50 value of 94 nM for FAAH.
    Carpro-AM1
  • HY-100125
    Timegadine
    		Inhibitor
    Timegadine, a new antiinflammatory agent, is found to be a potent, competitive inhibitor of cyclo-oxygenase (COX) and lipo-oxygenase, with IC50s ranging from 5 nM (washed rabbit platelets) to 20 μM (rat brain) for COX and 100 μM for lipo-oxygenase both in the cytosol fraction of horse platelet homogenates, and in washed rabbit platelets.
    Timegadine
  • HY-W268542R
    4-Acetylaminoantipyrine (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    4-Acetylaminoantipyrine (Standard) is the analytical standard of 4-Acetylaminoantipyrine. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. 4-Acetylaminoantipyrine (4-AA) is a derivative of antipyrine (HY-B0171). 4-Acetylaminoantipyrine acts as a PGE2-dependent blocker and inhibitor of cyclooxygenase (COX). 4-Acetylaminoantipyrine can inhibit Cu/ZnSOD. 4-Acetylaminoantipyrine can spontaneously bind with bovine serum albumin (BSA) and alter its conformation.
    4-Acetylaminoantipyrine (Standard)
  • HY-B0253S1
    Piroxicam-d4
    		Inhibitor
    Piroxicam-d4 is the deuterium labeled Piroxicam. Piroxicam (CP-16171) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, acts as a COX inhibitor, with IC50s of 47, 25 μM for human monocyte COX-1 and COX-2, respectively.
    Piroxicam-d<sub>4</sub>
  • HY-169103
    Neuroprotective agent 5
    		Inhibitor
    Neuroprotective agent 5 (compound 28) is a brain permeabilizing agent with anti-neuritis, anti-oxidative damage and neuroprotective effects. Neuroprotective agent 5 exhibits a potent NO inhibitory effect (EC50=0.49 μM), inhibits the release of proinflammatory factors PGE2 and TNF-α, downregulates the expression of iNOS and COX-2 proteins, and promotes the polarization of BV-2 cells from the proinflammatory M1 phenotype to the anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype. In addition, Neuroprotective agent 5 can also inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity and Aβ42 aggregation in a dose-dependent manner. Neuroprotective agent 5 can be used for the study of Alzheimer's disease.
    Neuroprotective agent 5
  • HY-163888
    NO-IN-1
    		Inhibitor
    NO-IN-1 (Compound 7a) inhibits the production of NO (IC50 = 3.13 μΜ). NO-IN-1 has anti-inflammatory effects. NO-IN-1 downregulates the expression of COX-2 and iNOS by inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway.
    NO-IN-1
  • HY-149355
    COX-2-IN-33
    COX-2-IN-33 (compound 5f) is a COX-2 inhibitor (IC50=45.5 nM), as well as a potential anti-inflammatory agent. COX-2-IN-33 inhibits in vivo pro-inflammatory cytokine production and keep gastric safety.
    COX-2-IN-33
  • HY-B1279AS
    Metamizole-d3 sodium
    Metamizole-d3 sodium is the deuterium labeled Metamizole sodium. Metamizole sodium is a non-opioid compound with excellent analgesic and antipyretic effects. Metamizole sodium is a cyclooxygenase-3 (COX-3) inhibitor.
    Metamizole-d<sub>3</sub> sodium
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity
COX Isoform Comparison

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