2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Immunology/Inflammation
  4. COX

COX

Cyclooxygenase

COX

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Cyclooxygenase (COX), officially known as prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase (PTGS), is an enzyme that is responsible for formation of important biological mediators called prostanoids, including prostaglandins, prostacyclin and thromboxane. Pharmacological inhibition of COX can provide relief from the symptoms of inflammation and pain. Drugs, like Aspirin, that inhibit cyclooxygenase activity have been available to the public for about 100 years. Two cyclooxygenase isoforms have been identified and are referred to as COX-1 and COX-2. Under many circumstances the COX-1 enzyme is produced constitutively (i.e., gastric mucosa) whereas COX-2 is inducible (i.e., sites of inflammation). Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID), such as aspirin and ibuprofen, exert their effects through inhibition of COX. The main COX inhibitors are the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).

COX Isoform Specific Products:

COX Isoform Comparison
Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-66005
    Acetaminophen
    		Inhibitor 99.98%
    Acetaminophen (Paracetamol) is a selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor with an IC50 of 25.8 μM; is a widely used antipyretic and analgesic agent.. Acetaminophen is a potent hepatic N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2) inhibitor. Acetaminophen induces ferroptosis and leads to acute liver injury in mice model.
    Acetaminophen
  • HY-14397
    Indomethacin
    		Inhibitor 99.91%
    Indomethacin (Indometacin) is a potent, orally active COX1/2 inhibitor with IC50 values of 18 nM and 26 nM for COX-1 and COX-2, respectively. Indomethacin has anticancer activity and anti-infective activity. Indomethacin can be used for cancer, inflammation and viral infection research.
    Indomethacin
  • HY-101840
    EIPA
    		Inhibitor 99.73%
    EIPA (L593754) is an orally active TRPP3 channel inhibitor with an IC50 of 10.5 μM. EIPA also enhances autophagy by inhibiting Na+/H+-exchanger 3 (NHE3). EIPA inhibits macropinocytosis as well. EIPA can be used in the research of inflammation and cancers, such as gastric cancer, colon carcinoma, pancreatic carcinoma.
    EIPA
  • HY-14398
    Celecoxib
    		Inhibitor 99.89%
    Celecoxib,a selective non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), is a selective COX-2 inhibitor with an IC50 of 40 nM.
    Celecoxib
  • HY-B1081A
    Oxidopamine hydrobromide
    		Activator 98.14%
    Oxidopamine (6-OHDA) hydrobromide is an antagonist of the neurotransmitter dopamine. Oxidopamine hydrobromide is a widely used neurotoxin and selectively destroys dopaminergic neurons. Oxidopamine hydrobromide promotes COX-2 activation, leading to PGE2 synthesis and pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1β secretion. Oxidopamine hydrobromide can be used for the research of Parkinson’s disease (PD), attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and Lesch-Nyhan syndrome.
    Oxidopamine hydrobromide
  • HY-W009347
    COX-1-IN-3
    		Inhibitor 99.95%
    COX-1-IN-3 (compound 19) is a COX-1 inhibitor with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory activity.
    COX-1-IN-3
  • HY-N15657
    Geiparvarin
    		Inhibitor
    Geiparvarin is an anticancer agent and an inhibitor of MAO-B (pIC50 = 6.84 μM). Geiparvarin exerts anti-tumor effects by downregulating COX2 expression and inhibiting angiogenesis. Geiparvarin blocks the cell cycle at the G1 phase and induces apoptosis of cancer cells. Geiparvarin has anti-microtubule activity and destroys the cytoskeleton to exert anti-proliferative effects. Geiparvarin has research significance for lung cancer, leukemia, and breast cancer.
    Geiparvarin
  • HY-174260
    Neuroprotective agent 11
    Neuroprotective agent 11 (Compound 1a) is an orally active polyphenol compound with significant protective effects against cerebral ischemia. The main activities of Neuroprotective agent 11 include inhibiting neuronal inflammation and apoptosis, reducing cerebral infarction volume, and improving behavioral symptoms of cerebral ischemic mice. Neuroprotective agent 11 exerts its regulatory mechanism by downregulating the expression of inflammatory factors (iNOS、COX-2) and apoptotic proteins (cleaved-Caspase3, p53). Neuroprotective agent 11 can be used in the study of cerebral ischemia-related diseases (such as ischemic stroke).
    Neuroprotective agent 11
  • HY-14654
    Aspirin
    		Inhibitor 99.90%
    Aspirin (Acetylsalicylic acid) is an orally active, potent and irreversible inhibitor of cyclooxygenase COX-1 and COX-2, with IC50 values of 5 and 210 μg/mL, respectively. Aspirin induces apoptosis. Aspirin inhibits the activation of NF-κB. Aspirin also inhibits platelet prostaglandin synthetase, and can prevent coronary artery and cerebrovascular thrombosis.
    Aspirin
  • HY-B1081
    Oxidopamine hydrochloride
    		Activator 99.91%
    Oxidopamine (6-OHDA) hydrochloride is an antagonist of the neurotransmitter dopamine. Oxidopamine hydrochloride is a widely used neurotoxin and selectively destroys dopaminergic neurons. Oxidopamine hydrochloride promotes COX-2 activation, leading to PGE2 synthesis and pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1β secretion. Oxidopamine hydrochloride can be used for the research of Parkinson’s disease (PD), attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and Lesch-Nyhan syndrome.
    Oxidopamine hydrochloride
  • HY-B0568
    Deferiprone
    		Inhibitor 99.97%
    Deferiprone is a potent, orally active, brain-penetrant, cell-penetrant, skin-permeable, free iron chelating agent. Deferiprone inhibits the proliferation and migration, and stimulates apoptosis in tumor cell. Deferiprone has antianemic, neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antidotal activity. Deferiprone can be used in cancer, cardiovascular disease, infection, inflammation, and neurological disease study.
    Deferiprone
  • HY-107632
    GYY4137
    		Inhibitor 98.08%
    GY4137 is a sustained-release H2S donor possessing vasodilatory, antihypertensive, and anti-inflammatory activities. GY4137 can inhibit cell growth, induce apoptosis, and cause cell cycle arrest by blocking the STAT3 pathway, demonstrating potent anticancer activity.
    GYY4137
  • HY-N0523
    Gallic acid
    		Inhibitor 99.99%
    Gallic acid (3,4,5-Trihydroxybenzoic acid) is a natural polyhydroxyphenolic compound and an free radical scavenger to inhibit cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). Gallic acid has various activities, such as antimicrobial, antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and anticance activities.
    Gallic acid
  • HY-15036
    Diclofenac
    		Inhibitor 99.92%
    Diclofenac is a potent and nonselective anti-inflammatory agent, acts as a COX inhibitor, with IC50s of 4 and 1.3 nM for human COX-1 and COX-2 in CHO cells, and 5.1 and 0.84 μM for ovine COX-1 and COX-2, respectively. Diclofenac induces apoptosis of neural stem cells (NSCs) via the activation of the caspase cascade.
    Diclofenac
  • HY-78131
    Ibuprofen
    		Inhibitor 99.97%
    Ibuprofen ((±)-Ibuprofen) is a potent, orally active, selective COX-1 inhibitor with an IC50 value of 13 μM. Ibuprofen inhibits cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and induces cell apoptosis. Ibuprofen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent and a nitric oxide (NO) donor. Ibuprofen ((±)-Ibuprofen) can be used in the research of pain, swelling, inflammation, infection, immunology, cancers.
    Ibuprofen
  • HY-N0898
    Catechin
    		Inhibitor 99.57%
    Catechin ((+)-Catechin) inhibits cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) with an IC50 of 1.4 μM.
    Catechin
  • HY-N0603
    20(S)-Ginsenoside Rg3
    		Inhibitor 99.65%
    20(S)-Ginsenoside Rg3 is the main component of Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer. Ginsenoside Rg3 inhibits Na+ and hKv1.4 channel with IC50s of 32.2±4.5 and 32.6±2.2 μM, respectively. 20(S)-Ginsenoside Rg3 also inhibits Aβ levels, NF-κB activity, and COX-2 expression.
    20(S)-Ginsenoside Rg3
  • HY-N0001
    (-)-Epicatechin
    		Inhibitor 99.00%
    (-)-Epicatechin inhibits cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) with an IC50 of 3.2 μM. (-)-Epicatechin inhibits the IL-1β-induced expression of iNOS by blocking the nuclear localization of the p65 subunit of NF-κB.
    (-)-Epicatechin
  • HY-B0261
    Meloxicam
    		Inhibitor 99.59%
    Meloxicam is a non-steroidal antiinflammatory agent, inhibits COX activity, with IC50s of 0.49 μM and 36.6 μM for COX-2 and COX-1, respectively.
    Meloxicam
  • HY-15030
    Naproxen
    		Inhibitor 99.98%
    Naproxen is a COX-1 and COX-2 inhibitor with IC50s of 8.72 and 5.15 μM, respectively in cell assay.
    Naproxen
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity
COX Isoform Comparison

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