From 11:00 pm to 12:00 pm EST ( 8:00 pm to 9:00 pm PST ) on January 6th, the website will be under maintenance. We are sorry for the inconvenience. Please arrange your schedule properly.
The transforming growth factor β (TGF-beta) superfamily, a group of multifunctional polypeptide, is the largest family of secreted growth factors composed of several subfamilies, including TGF-βs, bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), growth and differentiation factors (GDFs), activins, inhibins, and the glial cell-derived neurotrophic factors (GDNFs). TGF-β signaling is initiated by the binding of the ligand to heteromeric complexes comprised of type I and II transmembrane serine/threonine kinase receptors. Upon ligand binding, type II receptors transphosphorylate the type I receptors. The type I receptor kinase subsequently phosphorylates receptor-regulated Smads (R-Smads), which can then associate with the co-Smad, Smad4, and translocate to the nucleus and activate transcription of target genes. This is considered as the “Smad signaling pathway.” Additionally, the receptor complex can activate “non-Smad signaling pathways” through type II receptor– and type I receptor–interacting proteins. TGF-β superfamily members regulate various biological processes including cell proliferation, differentiation, migration, adhesion, apoptosis and extracellular matrix (ECM) production. TGF-β superfamily members also have been implicated in the pathogenesis of many diseases.
Bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) is a pleiotropic ligand protein belonging to TNFβ family, and is involved in key embryonic development of vascular and valvular homeostasis. BMP-2 binds to type I receptors (ALK-2/-3/-6) and type II receptors (BMPR2, ACVR2A) to regulate various types of calcification, including atherosclerosis, chronic kidney disease, diabetes, and valve calcification. BMP-2 is overexpressed by myofibroblast and preosteoblast in the calcified area of human calcified valve, which are densely infiltrated by B lymphocytes and T lymphocytes. BMP-2 is the junction between atherosclerotic vascular calcification and normal bone formation mechanism. BMP-2 Protein, Human/Mouse/Rat is 114 a.a. (Q283-R396), expressed in E. coli.
Bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP-4) is a polymorphic ligand protein belonging to the TGF-β family, which is involved in the circulation of the vascular system and can activate receptors on vascular cells. BMP-4 binds to type I receptors (ALK-2/-3/-6) and type II receptors (BMPR2, ACVR2A) to increase plaque formation and promote oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, and osteogenic differentiation through its pro-inflammatory and pro-atherogenic effects. BMP-4 Protein, Human has a total length of 116 amino acids (S293-R408), is expressed in E. coli cells with tag free.
TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein is initially identified as a growth factor that induces the growth of rodent fibroblasts. TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein inhibits the cell cycle in the G1 phase. TGF beta 1/TGFB1 is an endogenous factor controlling apoptosis in normal and pathological tissues. TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein, Human is a recombinant protein (A279-S390) produced by CHO cells.
rHuActivin A; Inhibin beta A chain; INHBA; Activin A
Rat; Mouse; Human
HEK293
Activin A, a multifunctional cytokine, is a member of TGF-β superfamily. Activin A first binds to the type II activin receptors (ActIIRA or ActRIIB) on the member surface, and then recruits and phosphorylates type I activin receptors (ActRI). Activin A primarily signal through SMAD2/3 proteins to regulate a variety of functions, including inflammation, fibrosis, and tumorigenesis. Activin A Protein, Human/Mouse/Rat (HEK293) is produced in HEK293 cells, and consists of 117 amino acids (G310-S426).
rMuTGF-beta 1/TGFB1; Transforming growth factor beta-1; TGF-β1; LAP
Rat; Mouse
HEK293
TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein is initially identified as a growth factor that induces the growth of rodent fibroblasts. TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein inhibits the cell cycle in the G1 phase. TGF beta 1/TGFB1 is an endogenous factor controlling apoptosis in normal and pathological tissues. TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein, Mouse (HEK293) is a recombinant protein (A279-S390) produced by HEK293 cells.
TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein is initially identified as a growth factor that induces the growth of rodent fibroblasts. TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein inhibits the cell cycle in the G1 phase. TGF beta 1/TGFB1 is an endogenous factor controlling apoptosis in normal and pathological tissues. TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein, Human (HEK293) is a recombinant protein (A279-S390) produced by HEK293 cells.
TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein belongs to the TGF-β superfamily. TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein plays a key role in various physiological and pathological processes such as cell growth, differentiation, apoptosis, immune regulation, and extracellular matrix formation. TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein, Mouse/Rat (HEK293) is a recombinant TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein expressed by HEK293 without a tag.
Glial-cell-line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), a neurotrophic factor belongs to the GDNF family ligands (GFLs)., promotes survival of dopamine neurons. GDNF demonstrates a variety of neuroprotective roles for mammalian neurons. GDNF Protein, Human is produced in E.coil, and consists of 134 amino acids (S78-I211).
TGF-β3 (transforming growth factor-β3) is a member of a TGF-beta superfamily subgroup that performs many cellular functions. TGF-β3 has a role in embryogenesis and cell differentiation. TGF-β3 also plays a critical role in palatogenesis, the wound healing process. TGF-β3 is capable of binding directly to the type II receptor (TβRII). TGF beta 3/TGFB3 Protein, Human (HEK293) is produced in HEK293 cells, and consists of 112 amino acids (A301-S412).
Transforming growth factor-beta 2 (TGF-β2), an extracellular glycosylated protein, is a member of the TGF-β superfamily. TGFβ2 controls key physiological processes including cell migration, proliferation and differentiation via signalling through type I and type II receptors (TGFβR1 and TGFβR2). TGF-β2 is an immune suppressor involved in the development of immune tolerance, and also regulates embryonic development. TGF beta 2/TGFB2 Protein, Human (HEK293) is produced in HEK293 cells, and consists of 112 amino acids (A303-S414).
Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15) is a polypeptide hormone belonging to the transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) superfamily. GDF-15 is also known as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug activating Gene-1 (NAG-1), placental transforming growth factor-β (PTGFB), prostate-derived factor (PDF), and placental bone morphogenetic protein (PLAB). GDF-15 binds to glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) family receptor alpha-like protein (GFRAL) and is involved in aging, cancer, and metabolic processes. GFRAL-GDF15 does not affect SMAD activity and activates intracellular signals including RET, AKT, ERK1/2, and phospholipase C (PLCγ). GDF-15 Protein, Mouse (HEK293, Fc) has 115 amino acids expressed by HEK293 cells with N-terminal hFc tag and Fc co-transfection.
Latent TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein is a large extracellular matrix protein and an associated ligand of fibrillinmicrofibrils. Latent TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein, Human (C33S, HEK293, His) is a recombinant Biotinylated protein (L30-S390) produced by HEK293 cells with His tag.
TGF beta 1/TGFB1 is a polypeptide member of the transforming growth factor beta superfamily of cytokines. TGF beta 1 is a secreted protein that performs many cellular functions, including the control of cell growth, cell proliferation, cell differentiation, apoptosis, and can regulate the expression and activation of other growth factors, including interferon gamma and tumor necrosis factor alpha. TGF beta 1/TGFB1 LAP Protein, Human (HEK293) is the recombinant human-derived TGF beta 1/TGFB1 LAP protein, expressed by HEK293 , with tag free. and C33S mutation.
TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein is initially identified as a growth factor that induces the growth of rodent fibroblasts. TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein inhibits the cell cycle in the G1 phase. TGF beta 1/TGFB1 is an endogenous factor controlling apoptosis in normal and pathological tissues. GMP TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein, Human (HEK293) is a GMP-grade recombinant protein (A279-S390) produced by CHO cells.
TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein is initially identified as a growth factor that induces the growth of rodent fibroblasts. TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein inhibits the cell cycle in the G1 phase. TGF beta 1/TGFB1 is an endogenous factor controlling apoptosis in normal and pathological tissues. TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein, Human (Biotinylated, HEK293, N-Avi) is a recombinant protein (A279-S390) produced by HEK293 cells with Avi tag.
Activin A receptor, type I (ACVR1), also known as ALK-2, is a bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) type I receptor. ACVR1 is involved in a wide variety of biological processes, including bone, heart, cartilage, nervous, and reproductive system development and regulation. Activin RIA Protein, Human (HEK293, His-Fc) is produced in HEK293 cells with a C-Terminal His-tag and a C-Terminal Fc-tag . It consists of 124 amino acids (M1-V124).
Activin receptor type-2B; Activin receptor type IIB; ACTR-IIB; ACVR2B
Human
HEK293
ACVR2B is a type II member of the TGF-β family of receptor Serine/Threonine kinases. ACVR2B binds to activins and growth differentiation factors (GDF), which in turn activate type I receptors, activating downstream molecule SMAD2/3. ACVR2B Protein, Human (HEK293, Fc) is produced in HEK293 cells with a C-Terminal Fc-tag. It consists of 134amino acids (M1-T134).
ALK-1, also known as ACVRL1, is a type I receptor for TGF-β superfamily with 2 ligands, BMP9 and BMP10. ALK-1 is predominantly expressed in endothelial cells and plays a critical role in regulating developmental and pathological angiogenesis. ACVRL1/ALK1 Protein, Mouse (HEK293, His-Fc) is produced in HEK293 cells with a C-Terminal His-tag and a C-Terminal Fc-tag. It consists of 119 amino acids (M1-P119).
Bone morphogenetic protein receptor type-2; BMPR-2; BMPR-II; PPH1
Human
HEK293
BMP Type II Receptor (BMPR2) is a type II member of the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) receptor family of transmembrane serine/threonine kinases. BMPR2 is highly expressed in the heart and liver, and involves in osteogenesis and cell differentiation, essential for embryogenesis, development, and adult tissue homeostasis. BMPR2 is associated with tubulin stability, the inhibition of BMPR2 destabilizes the microtubules promoting cell death of cancer cells that involves the activation of the lysosomes. Human BMPR2 protein contains 1038 amino acids and a transmembrane domain (151-171 a.a.). BMPR-II Protein, Human (HEK293, His-Fc) is the extracellular part of the complete BMPR2 protein, produced by HEK293 cells (M1-I151) with C-terminal hFc- and His-tag.
Glial-cell-line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), a neurotrophic factor belongs to the GDNF family ligands (GFLs)., promotes survival of dopamine neurons. GDNF demonstrates a variety of neuroprotective roles for mammalian neurons. GDNF Protein, Human (HEK293) is produced in HEK293 cells, and consists of 103 amino acids (R83-I185).
