hypersensitive response

By Targets:	Adrenergic Receptor (1) Apoptosis (1) Bacterial (2) Biochemical Assay Reagents (1) Caspase (1) Endogenous Metabolite (1) Fluorescent Dye (1) ICMT (1) LPL Receptor (1) P2X Receptor (1)
By Research Areas:	Cancer (2) Infection (3) Inflammation/Immunology (6) Metabolic Disease (1)

Cat. No.	Product Name	Target	Research Areas	Chemical Structure

HY-N1389

Carmine Carmine red	Fluorescent Dye	Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
Carmine (Carmine red), a natural red dye extracted from the dried females of the insect Dactylopius coccus var. Costa (cochineal). Carmine is a widely used food additive. Carmine provokes both an immediate hypersensitivity and a delayed systemic response with cutaneous expression .

HY-N5025

Bullatine A	P2X Receptor Apoptosis	Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
Bullatine A, a diterpenoid alkaloid of the genus Aconitum, possesses anti-rheumatic, anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive effects. Bullatine A is a potent P2X7 antagonist, inhibits ATP-induced cell death/apoptosis and P2X receptor-mediated inflammatory responses . Bullatine A attenuates pain hypersensitivity, regardless of the pain models employed .

HY-138354A

Pyrroline-5-carboxylate sodium	Biochemical Assay Reagents	Others
Pyrroline-5-carboxylate sodium participates in amino acid metabolism in organisms and is an intermediate product of proline biosynthesis and catabolism. During pathogen infection and abiotic stress

HY-P2717

Ac-YVAD-AMC	Caspase	Infection
Ac-YVAD-AMC is an inhibitor for caspase. Ac-YVAD-AMC inhibits bacteria-induced cell death of hypersensitive response (HR) cells .

HY-149711

Farnesylcysteine	ICMT	Metabolic Disease
Farnesylcysteine (FC) is a competitive inhibitor of ICMT. The fcly mutant has quantitatively low farnesylcysteine (FC) lyase activity and an enhanced response to ABA. Farnesylcysteine induces an ABA hypersensitive phenotype in Arabidopsis thaliana .

HY-108492

TC-SP 14	LPL Receptor	Inflammation/Immunology
TC-SP 14 (compound 14) is an orally active and potent S1P1 agonist (EC₅₀ = 0.042 μM) with minimal activity at S1P3 (EC₅₀ = 3.47 μM). TC-SP 14 significantly reduces blood lymphocyte counts and attenuates a delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) response to antigen challenge .

HY-162376

T3SS-IN-4	Bacterial	Infection
T3SS-IN-4 (Compound Z-8) is a T3SS inhibitor that can inhibit the expression of Xanthomonas oryzae pv oryzae (X_oo) T3SS-related genes without affecting bacterial growth. T3SS-IN-4 can effectively reduce the hypersensitive response (HR) induced by X_oo in tobacco and lower the pathogenicity of X_oo in rice .

HY-118935

NGD9002 free base	Adrenergic Receptor	Inflammation/Immunology
NGD9002 free base is a new generation of selective corticotropin-releasing factor-1 (CRF-1) receptor antagonist with inhibitory activity on CRF-induced colonic function stimulation. NGD9002 free base can reduce CRF-induced fecal output response and show an inhibitory IC50 value of 4.3 mg/kg. NGD9002 free base can effectively block CRF-induced colonic secretory motility stimulation at the highest dose and reduce acute water avoidance-induced defecation. NGD9002 free base can also prevent the occurrence of pain hypersensitivity reactions to repeated colonic distension .

HY-121365

Forphenicinol	Bacterial	Infection
Forphenicinol is an immunomodulator and a derivative of the bacterial metabolite forphenicine. It increases the phagocytosis of yeast by peritoneal macrophages isolated from thioglycolate-stimulated mice. Forphenicinol (100 μg/animal) prevents cyclophosphamide-induced suppression of delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH), as well as enhances DTH in response to the hapten oxazolone or sheep red blood cells in mice. It enhances the bactericidal activity of macrophages against P. aeruginosa in mice when administered at a dose of 0.5 mg/kg.2 Forphenicinol (15.6-1,000 μg/animal) increases survival in a mouse model of P. aeruginosa infection. It also inhibits tumor growth in S180 sarcoma and IMC carcinoma mouse xenograft models when administered at doses ranging from 0.05 to 5 mg/kg per day.

HY-15026

ATB 429	Endogenous Metabolite	Inflammation/Immunology
ATB-429, a novel H2S-releasing derivative of mesalamine, demonstrates significant anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects in models of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). By releasing hydrogen sulfide (H2S), ATB-429 modulates colorectal distension-induced hypersensitivity in both healthy and postcolitic rats. It attenuates abdominal withdrawal responses and suppresses spinal c-Fos mRNA expression, indicating its potential to alleviate pain associated with gastrointestinal inflammation. Moreover, ATB-429 down-regulates colonic cyclooxygenase-2 and interleukin-1β mRNA expression, effects not observed with mesalamine alone. The mechanism involves ATP-sensitive K+ (KATP) channels, as evidenced by reversal of ATB-429's effects with glibenclamide. These findings suggest ATB-429 could offer therapeutic benefits for managing painful intestinal disorders linked to inflammation .

Cat. No.	Product Name

HY-L076

Drug-Induced Liver Injury (DILI) Compound Library	1,453 compounds
Drug-induced liver injury (DILI; also known as drug-induced hepatotoxicity) is caused by medications (prescription or OTC), herbal and dietary supplements (HDS), or other xenobiotics that result in abnormalities in liver tests or in hepatic dysfunction that cannot be explained by other causes. Drugs are an important cause of liver injury. Drug-induced hepatic injury is the most common reason cited for withdrawal of an approved drug. DILI is thought to occur via several different mechanisms. Among these are direct impairment of the structural (e.g., mitochondrial dysfunction) and functional integrity of the liver; production of a metabolite that alters hepatocellular structure and function; production of a reactive drug metabolite that binds to hepatic proteins to produce new antigenic drug-protein adducts, which are targeted by hosts’ defenses (the hapten hypothesis); and initiation of a systemic hypersensitivity response (i.e., drug allergy) that damages the liver. MCE Drug-induced Liver Injury (DILI) Compound Library contains a unique collection of 1,453 hepatotoxicity causing compounds and is a powerful tool to research DILI and other drug toxicities. This library can be used to understand the mechanisms of DILI, identify biomarkers for early DILI prediction, and allow timely recognition during drug development, thus finally achieving successful DILI prevention and assessment in the pre-marketing phase.

Drug-Induced Liver Injury (DILI) Compound Library

1,453 compounds

Drug-induced liver injury (DILI; also known as drug-induced hepatotoxicity) is caused by medications (prescription or OTC), herbal and dietary supplements (HDS), or other xenobiotics that result in abnormalities in liver tests or in hepatic dysfunction that cannot be explained by other causes. Drugs are an important cause of liver injury. Drug-induced hepatic injury is the most common reason cited for withdrawal of an approved drug.

DILI is thought to occur via several different mechanisms. Among these are direct impairment of the structural (e.g., mitochondrial dysfunction) and functional integrity of the liver; production of a metabolite that alters hepatocellular structure and function; production of a reactive drug metabolite that binds to hepatic proteins to produce new antigenic drug-protein adducts, which are targeted by hosts’ defenses (the hapten hypothesis); and initiation of a systemic hypersensitivity response (i.e., drug allergy) that damages the liver.

MCE Drug-induced Liver Injury (DILI) Compound Library contains a unique collection of 1,453 hepatotoxicity causing compounds and is a powerful tool to research DILI and other drug toxicities. This library can be used to understand the mechanisms of DILI, identify biomarkers for early DILI prediction, and allow timely recognition during drug development, thus finally achieving successful DILI prevention and assessment in the pre-marketing phase.

Cat. No.	Product Name	Target	Research Area

HY-P0286

OVA Peptide (323-339) 5 Publications Verification	Peptides	Inflammation/Immunology
OVA Peptide (323-339) represents a T and B cell epitope of Ovalbumin (Ova), which is important in the generation and development of immediate hypersensitivity responses in BALB/c mice.

HY-P2717

Ac-YVAD-AMC	Caspase	Infection
Ac-YVAD-AMC is an inhibitor for caspase. Ac-YVAD-AMC inhibits bacteria-induced cell death of hypersensitive response (HR) cells .

Cat. No.	Product Name	Category	Target	Chemical Structure

HY-N1389

Carmine Carmine red	Structural Classification Natural Products Animals Classification of Application Fields Source classification Inflammation/Immunology Disease Research Fields	Fluorescent Dye
Carmine (Carmine red), a natural red dye extracted from the dried females of the insect Dactylopius coccus var. Costa (cochineal). Carmine is a widely used food additive. Carmine provokes both an immediate hypersensitivity and a delayed systemic response with cutaneous expression .

HY-N5025

Bullatine A	Structural Classification Alkaloids Piperidine Alkaloids Classification of Application Fields Source classification Ranunculaceae Aconitum carmichaeli Debx. Plants Inflammation/Immunology Disease Research Fields	P2X Receptor Apoptosis
Bullatine A, a diterpenoid alkaloid of the genus Aconitum, possesses anti-rheumatic, anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive effects. Bullatine A is a potent P2X7 antagonist, inhibits ATP-induced cell death/apoptosis and P2X receptor-mediated inflammatory responses . Bullatine A attenuates pain hypersensitivity, regardless of the pain models employed .

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