2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Immunology/Inflammation
    Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
    NF-κB
  4. Reactive Oxygen Species

Reactive Oxygen Species

Reactive Oxygen Species

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Reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as superoxide anion (O2-), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and hydroxyl radical (HO•), consist of radical and non-radical oxygen species formed by the partial reduction of oxygen. Cellular ROS are generated endogenously during mitochondrial oxidative metabolism as well as in cellular response to xenobiotics, cytokines, and bacterial invasion.

ROS also activates MAPK pathways by the direct inhibition of MAPK phosphatases. Through PTEN, the PI3K pathway is subject to reversible redox regulation by ROS generated by growth factor stimulation. The activation of autophagy may be a cellular defense mechanism in response to ROS.

Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-134928
    Pyridinium bisretinoid A2E
    		Modulator
    Pyridinium bisretinoid A2E (A2E) is a fluorophore that can be isolated from lipofuscin in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). Pyridinium bisretinoid A2E is an initiator of blue-light-induced apoptosis. Photoactivation of Pyridinium bisretinoid A2E mediates autophagy and the production of reactive oxygen species. Pyridinium bisretinoid A2E can be used in the study of retinal degenerative diseases.
    Pyridinium bisretinoid A2E
  • HY-W015913R
    Sodium 2-oxopropanoate (standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Sodium 2-oxopropanoate (Standard) is the analytical standard of Sodium 2-oxopropanoate. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Sodium 2-oxopropanoate (Sodium pyruvate), a three-carbon metabolite of Glucose, is a compound produced in the glycolytic pathway. Sodium 2-oxopropanoate is a free radical scavenger that can scavenge ROS.
    Sodium 2-oxopropanoate (standard)
  • HY-146971
    Anti-inflammatory agent 38
    		Inhibitor 98.66%
    Anti-inflammatory agent 38 (compound 23d) is a potent Nrf2/HO-1 pathway inhibitor, with an IC50 value of 0.38 μM for NO. Anti-inflammatory agent 38 can significantly reduce the level of ROS in cells. Anti-inflammatory agent 38 can be used for researching anti-inflammatory.
    Anti-inflammatory agent 38
  • HY-132829
    Rucosopasem manganese
    Rucosopasem manganese (GC4711) is a selective superoxide dismutase mimetic that converts superoxide to hydrogen peroxide. Rucosopasem manganese can be used for the research of cancer.
    Rucosopasem manganese
  • HY-147696
    SMTIN-T140
    		Inducer 99.58%
    SMTIN-T140 (compound 6a) is a potent TRAP1 (tumor-necrosis-factor-receptor associated protein 1) inhibitor, with an IC50 of 1.646 μM. SMTIN-T140 shows anticancer activity. SMTIN-T140 leads to mitochondrial dysfunction, increases mitochondrial ROS production and activates AMPK. SMTIN-T140 potently suppressed tumor growth without any noticeable in vivo toxicity in a mouse model xenografted with PC3 prostate cancer cells.
    SMTIN-T140
  • HY-N10450
    Kumujian A
    		Inhibitor 98.32%
    Kumujian A (1-Ethoxycarbonyl-β-carboline), an anti-inflammatory agent, inhibits both superoxide anion generation (IC50 = 4.87 μg/mL) and elastase release (IC50 = 6.29 μg/mL).
    Kumujian A
  • HY-N8284
    Tomentosin
    		Inducer 98.95%
    Tomentosin is a antiphlogistic sesquiterpene lactone that can be isolated from Inula falconeri.Tomentosin induces apoptosis and inhibits proliferation, migration and invasion of pancreatic cancer cells.
    Tomentosin
  • HY-W002620A
    Emoxypine succinate
    		99.88%
    Emoxypine succinate is an antioxidant. Emoxypine succinate can be used for the research of post-traumatic.
    Emoxypine succinate
  • HY-147817
    Heme Oxygenase-2-IN-1
    		Inhibitor 99.37%
    Heme Oxygenase-2-IN-1 (Compound 9) is a potent, selective heme oxygenase-2 (HO-2) inhibitor with IC50 values of 0.9 μM and 14.9 μM against HO-2 and HO-1, respectively.
    Heme Oxygenase-2-IN-1
  • HY-144635
    Nrf2-ARE/hMAO-B/QR2 modulator 1
    		Inhibitor 98.44%
    Nrf2-ARE/hMAO-B/QR2 modulator 1 is a Resveratrol-based multitarget-directed ligands with IC50s of 8.05, 9.83 and 0.57 μM for hMAO-B, NRF2 and QR2. Nrf2-ARE/hMAO-B/QR2 modulator 1 has neuroprotection, decreasing ROS production in okadaic acid-treated mice hippocampal slices.
    Nrf2-ARE/hMAO-B/QR2 modulator 1
  • HY-P1844
    Chemerin-9 (149-157)
    		Inducer
    Chemerin-9 (149-157) is a potent agonist of chemokine-like receptor 1 (CMKLR1) . Chemerin-9 (149-157) has anti-inflammatory activity. Chemerin-9 (149-157) stimulates phosphorylation of Akt and ERK as well as ROS production. Chemerin-9 (149-157) ameliorates Aβ1-42-induced memory impairmen. Chemerin-9 (149-157) regulates immune responses, adipocyte differentiation, and glucose metabolism.
    Chemerin-9 (149-157)
  • HY-134900
    Allyl methyl trisulfide
    		Inhibitor
    Allyl methyl trisulfide is a volatile organic compound and a component of garlic (Allium sativum L.) essential oil, which has antibacterial, antioxidant and antitumor activities.
    Allyl methyl trisulfide
  • HY-B0166S3
    L-Ascorbic acid-13C-2
    L-Ascorbic acid-13C-2 is the 13C labeled L-Ascorbic acid. L-Ascorbic acid (L-Ascorbate), an electron donor, is an endogenous antioxidant agent. L-Ascorbic acid inhibits selectively Cav3.2 channels with an IC50 of 6.5 μM. L-Ascorbic acid is also a collagen
    L-Ascorbic acid-<sup>13</sup>C-2
  • HY-122917
    Danshenol A
    		Inhibitor 99.67%
    Danshenol A, an abietane-type diterpenoid, is an aldose reductase (AR) inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.1 μM. Danshenol A can protect endothelial cells from oxidative stress by directly scavenging ROS. Danshenol A has anti-inflammatory and antitumor properties. Danshenol A can be used for atherosclerosis research.
    Danshenol A
  • HY-155068
    FC-116
    		Inducer 98.04%
    FC-11 is a Tubulin inhibitor that effectively inhibits tumor growth in mice. FC-11 can also induce endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress to generate excess reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to mitochondrial damage, thereby promoting apoptosis in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells by targeting microtubules. FC-11 can be used in cancer research.
    FC-116
  • HY-W037976
    Tyrosinase-IN-22
    		Inhibitor 99.75%
    Tyrosinase-IN-22 (compound 4) is an inhibitor of tyrosinase substrates (L-tyrosine and L-dopa) with IC50s of 60 nM and 30 nM, respectively. Tyrosinase-IN-22 also shows potent antioxidant and anti-melanogenic properties, thus can be used for relevant researches.
    Tyrosinase-IN-22
  • HY-114977
    Avenanthramide A
    		Inducer 99.20%
    Avenanthramide A is a phytoalexin, which can be found in oats (Avena sativa L.). Avenanthramide A targets the RNA helicase DDX3, leads to mitochondrial swelling and increased ROS production, and induces apoptosis in CRC cells. Avenanthramide A exhibits antitumor efficacy in mouse model. Avenanthramide A orally active.
    Avenanthramide A
  • HY-N7798
    Pennogenin
    		98.69%
    Pennogenin is a bioactive component which can be isolated from T. govanianum rhizomes. Pennogenin exhibits significant in vitro inhibitory effect on release of ROS.
    Pennogenin
  • HY-114520
    TT01001
    		Inhibitor 99.38%
    TT01001 is a potent and orally active mitoNEET ligand. TT01001 reduces oxidative stress injury and neuronal apoptosis by improving mitochondrial dysfunction. TT01001 improves type II diabetes without causing weight gain.
    TT01001
  • HY-124410
    Mitoquinol
    		Inhibitor 98.00%
    Mitoquinol is a mitochondrial-targeted coenzyme Q analog. Mitoquinol is an antioxidant that inhibits lipid peroxidation. Mitoquinol can be used in vascular disease research.
    Mitoquinol
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity