2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Immunology/Inflammation
    Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
    NF-κB
  4. Reactive Oxygen Species

Reactive Oxygen Species

Reactive Oxygen Species

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Reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as superoxide anion (O2-), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and hydroxyl radical (HO•), consist of radical and non-radical oxygen species formed by the partial reduction of oxygen. Cellular ROS are generated endogenously during mitochondrial oxidative metabolism as well as in cellular response to xenobiotics, cytokines, and bacterial invasion.

ROS also activates MAPK pathways by the direct inhibition of MAPK phosphatases. Through PTEN, the PI3K pathway is subject to reversible redox regulation by ROS generated by growth factor stimulation. The activation of autophagy may be a cellular defense mechanism in response to ROS.

Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-157788
    ZX703
    		Inducer
    ZX703 (compound 5I) is a PROTAC that significantly degrades GPX4 in a dose- and time-dependent manner through the ubiquitin-proteasome and autophagy-lysosome pathways (DC50=0.315 µM). ZX703 induces ferroptosis by inducing Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) accumulation in cells. ZX703 can be used for cancer research.
    ZX703
  • HY-N8160
    Dehydrocurdione
    		Inhibitor
    Dehydrocurdione, a zedoary-derived sesquiterpene, induces heme oxygenase (HO)-1, an antioxidative enzyme, in RAW 264.7 macrophages. Dehydrocurdione interacts with Keap1, resulting in Nrf2 translocation followed by activation of the HO-1 E2 enhancer. Dehydrocurdione suppresses lipopolysaccharide-induced NO release, a marker of inflammation. Anti-inflammatory activity.
    Dehydrocurdione
  • HY-N0733S1
    Glucosamine-2-13C hydrochloride
    Glucosamine-2-13C (hydrochloride) is the 13C labeled Glucosamine hydrochloride. Glucosamine hydrochloride (D-Glucosamine hydrochloride) is an amino sugar and a prominent precursor in the biochemical synthesis of glycosylated proteins and lipids, is used as
    Glucosamine-2-<sup>13</sup>C hydrochloride
  • HY-116429A
    7(S)-Maresin 1
    7(S)-Maresin 1 is an inactive 7(S) exomer of Maresin 1, containing a 7(R) hydroxyl group. It can be used as a negative control. Maresin 1 is a specific regulator of endogenous DHA production in the human body, which can stimulate the production and secretion of intracellular Ca2+.
    7(S)-Maresin 1
  • HY-N0408R
    Picroside II (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Picroside II (Standard) is the analytical standard of Picroside II. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Picroside II, an iridoid compound extracted from Picrorhiza, exhibits anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic activities. picroside II alleviates the inflammatory response in sepsis and enhances immune function by inhibiting the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and NF-κB pathways. Picroside II is an antioxidant, exhibits a significant neuroprotective effect through reducing ROS production and protects the blood-brain barrier (BBB) after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (CI/R) injury. Picroside II has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immune regulatory, anti-virus and other pharmacological activities.
    Picroside II (Standard)
  • HY-N6947R
    Lutein (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Lutein (Standard) is the analytical standard of Lutein. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Lutein (Xanthophyll) is a carotenoid with reported anti-inflammatory properties. A large body of evidence shows that lutein has several beneficial effects, especially on eye health. Lutein exerts its biological activities, including anti-inflammation, anti-oxidase and anti-apoptosis, through effects on reactive oxygen species (ROS). Lutein is able to arrive in the brain and shows antidepressant-like and neuroprotective effects. Lutein is orally active.
    Lutein (Standard)
  • HY-150791
    FLDP-5
    		Inducer
    FLDP-5 is a blood-brain barrier (BBB) penetrant curcuminoid analogues. FLDP-5 can induce production of ROS (Reactive Oxygen Species), DNA damage and cell cycle S phase arrest. FLDP-5 exhibits highly potent tumour-suppressive effects with anti-proliferative and anti-migratory activities on LN-18 cells.
    FLDP-5
  • HY-N1214R
    Squalene (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Squalene (Standard) is the analytical standard of Squalene. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Squalene (Super Squalene) is an intermediate product in the synthesis of cholesterol, and shows several pharmacological properties such as hypolipidemic, hepatoprotective, antiatherosclerotic, cardioprotective, antioxidant, and antitumour activity.
    Squalene (Standard)
  • HY-N2011R
    Octyl gallate (Standard)
    Octyl gallate (Standard) is the analytical standard of Octyl gallate. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Octyl gallate (Progallin O) is widely used as a food additive, with antimicrobial and antioxidant activity. Octyl gallate (Progallin O) shows selective and sensitive fluorescent property. Octyl gallate shows a marked antiviral effect against HSV-1, vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) and poliovirus.
    Octyl gallate (Standard)
  • HY-155662
    ROS inducer 3
    		Inducer
    ROS inducer 3 (Compound I6) is a ROS inducer. ROS inducer 3 has excellent in vitro bioactivity with an EC50 of 2.86 μg/mL. ROS inducer 3 has significant protective activity for preventing Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae. ROS inducer 2, as a bactericidal agent, can be used for the research of intractable plant bacterial diseases.
    ROS inducer 3
  • HY-N10379
    19-epi-Scholaricine
    		Inhibitor
    19-epi-Scholaricine is an orally active indole alkaloid that downregulates the expression of collagen fibrosis and increases superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities.
    19-epi-Scholaricine
  • HY-18085A
    Quercetin hydrate
    		Inhibitor
    Quercetin hydrate, a natural flavonoid, is a stimulator of recombinant SIRT1 and also a PI3K inhibitor with IC50 of 2.4 μM, 3.0 μM and 5.4 μM for PI3K γ, PI3K δ and PI3K β, respectively.
    Quercetin hydrate
  • HY-P5253
    Octapeptide-2
    		Inhibitor 98.84%
    Octapeptide-2 is a bioactive peptide with promotion of hair growth effect and has been reported used as a cosmetic ingredient.
    Octapeptide-2
  • HY-146505
    Tubulin polymerization-IN-6
    		Inducer
    Tubulin polymerization-IN-6 (compound 5f) is a potent tubulin polymerization inhibitor, with an IC50 of 1.09 μM. Tubulin polymerization-IN-6 inhibits cell migration and tube formation and contributes to the anti-angiogenesis. Tubulin polymerization-IN-6 can greatly inhibit tumor growth on HT29 xenograft Balb/c nude mice.
    Tubulin polymerization-IN-6
  • HY-D0187B
    L-Glutathione reduced monosodium
    L-Glutathione reduced monosodium is an endogenous antioxidant and is capable of scavenging oxygen-derived free radicals.
    L-Glutathione reduced monosodium
  • HY-155065
    SB-1295
    		Inducer
    SB-1295 is an orally active CDK9/T1 inhibitor (IC50=0.17 μM). SB-1295 shows antiproliferative activity in HCT 116 and MIA PaCa-2 cells. SB-1295 also induces MIA PaCa-2 cell death by inducing intracellular ROS production, reducing mitochondrial membrane potential and inducing apoptosis. SB-1295 has the potential to study cancer.
    SB-1295
  • HY-149036
    PAA5
    		Inducer
    PAA5 is a methide carbon-centered polynuclear Au(I) cluster. PAA5 can release Au(I) causing Pro-oxidant response and accelerated ferroptosis. PAA5 increases the expression of pH2AX in a time-dependent manner. PAA5 has anticancer activity.
    PAA5
  • HY-N11887
    Linocinnamarin
    		Inhibitor
    Linocinnamarin is a nature product that could be isolated from Fragaria ananassa Duch. Linocinnamarin has anti-inflammatory activity. Linocinnamarin inhibits antigen-stimulated elevation of intracellular free Ca2+ concentration and reactive oxygen species (ROS) .
    Linocinnamarin
  • HY-B0847S1
    Propiconazole-d3 nitrate
    		Activator
    Propiconazole-d3 (nitrate) is the deuterium labeled Propiconazole nitrate. Propiconazole is a broad-spectrum triazole fungicide that inhibits the conversion of lanosterol to ergosterol, leading to fungal cell membrane disruption. Propiconazole inhibits S. cerevisiae, but not rat liver, microsomal cytochrome P450 (IC50s=0.04 and >200 µM, respectively). Propiconazole inhibits the growth of T. deformans and R. stolonifer (ED50s=0.073 and 4.6 µg/mL, respectively). Propiconazole increases production of reactive oxygen species (ROS).
    Propiconazole-d<sub>3</sub> nitrate
  • HY-126876
    GL-V9
    		Activator
    GL-V9 inhibits proliferation of HepG2 cell (IC50 is 35.2 μM) through induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase. GL-V9 regulates mitochondrial membrane potential and increases the production of intracellular reactive oxygen species. GL-V9 inhibits the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP), enhances fatty acid oxidation (FAO) through activation of AMPK, and thus inhibits the metastasis of cancer cells. GL-V9 exhibits antitumor efficacy in mouse model.
    GL-V9
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity