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Bardoxolone (RTA 401; CDDO) is a novel nuclear regulatory factor (NRf-2) activator. Bardoxolone is a potent necroptosis inhibitor that inhibits Z-VAD-FMK-induced necroptosis. Bardoxolone methyl enhances the antioxidant system, modulates inflammatory cytokines and inhibits apoptosis in ratkidney, demonstrating inhibition on APAP-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) and analgesic effect. Additionally, Bardoxolone methyl decreases Paclitaxel (PAC) (HY-B0015)-induced mitochondrial damage in neuronal cells. Bardoxolone methyl is promising for the research of chemotherapy-induced neuropathic pain and chronic kidney disease .
Conivaptan (hydrochloride) is a non-peptide antagonist of vasopressin receptor, with Ki values of 0.48 and 3.04 nM for rat liver V1A receptor and ratkidney V2 receptor respectively.
Cyclopenthiazide is a benzothiadiazine diuretic with antihypertensive properties. Cyclopenthiazide exerts a diuretic effect by inhibiting the reabsorption of sodium chloride and water at the distal renal tubules. Cyclopenthiazide increases the excretory capacity of the ratkidney .
S-Benzylglutathione is a competitive glutathionase inhibitor. S-Benzylglutathione is converted to the corresponding cysteine derivatives by ratkidney microsomes. S-Benzylglutathione can be used for the research of metabolic breakdown of glutathione by the glutathionase system .
4-Bromo-3-hydroxybenzoic acid is a metabolite of Brocresine and a histidine decarboxylase (HDC) inhibitor with IC50s of 1 mM for both rat fetal and rat gastric HDC. 4-Bromo-3-hydroxybenzoic acid also inhibits aromatic-L-amino acid decarboxylase from hog kidney and rat gastric mucosa in vitro with IC50s of 1 mM for both enzymes .
YM218 free base is an orally active non-peptide vasopressin (AVP) receptor antagonist. YM218 free base has a high affinity for rat liver V1A receptors with a Ki value of 0.50 nM; it has a lower affinity for rat pituitary V1B, kidneyV2, and uterine oxytocin receptors with Ki values of 1510 nM, 72.2 nM, and 150 nM, respectively. YM218 free base can be used in the study of diabetes and kidney disease .
Conivaptan (hydrochloride) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Conivaptan (hydrochloride). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Conivaptan (hydrochloride) is a non-peptide antagonist of vasopressin receptor, with Ki values of 0.48 and 3.04 nM for rat liver V1A receptor and ratkidney V2 receptor respectively.
C-Type Natriuretic Peptide (1-53), Porcine, Rat, mouse is an activator of particulate guanylate cyclase B (pGC-B), which is highly expressed in endothelial cells, kidneys, and the heart. C-Type Natriuretic Peptide (1-53), Porcine, Rat, mouse can mediate a potent anti-fibrotic effect in human cardiac and renal fibroblasts by generating the second messenger cGMP .
S-(p-Nitrobenzyl)glutathione is a competitive glutathionase inhibitor. S-(p-Nitrobenzyl)glutathione is converted to the corresponding cysteine derivatives by ratkidney microsomes. S-(p-Nitrobenzyl)glutathione can be used for the research of metabolic breakdown of glutathione by the glutathionase system .
Cyclopenthiazide (Standard) is the analytical standard of Cyclopenthiazide. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Cyclopenthiazide is a benzothiadiazine diuretic with antihypertensive properties. Cyclopenthiazide exerts a diuretic effect by inhibiting the reabsorption of sodium chloride and water at the distal renal tubules. Cyclopenthiazide increases the excretory capacity of the ratkidney .
Clinolamide is an N-cyclohexyl linoleamide. In a rat cholesterol metabolism study, feeding it at a dose of 0.3% for 21 days had no significant effect on serum, liver or kidney cholesterol levels, but had different effects on cholesterol synthesis in liver slices under different substrates and concentrations.
Prosaikogenin G, isolated from the roots of Bupleurum chinensis DC., exhibits significant inhibitory effects on rat mesangial cell proliferation induced by Ang II. Prosaikogenin G has protective action on the kidney . Prosaikogenin G is a derivative of Saikosaponin d in the gastrointestinal tract .
CGS35066 is a potent and selective aminophosphonate inhibitor of endothelin-converting enzyme-1 (ECE-1). CGS 35066 inhibits the activity of human ECE-1 and ratkidney neutral endopeptidase 24.11 (NEP) in vitro with IC50 values of 22 nM and 2.3 μM, respectively .
CYP4A11/CYP4F2-IN-2 (compound 15) is an orally available inhibitor of CYP4A11/4F2 with IC50s of 120 nM and 220 nM, respectively. CYP4A11/CYP4F2-IN-2 inhibits 20-HETE production in ratkidney and has potential inhibitory effects on diabetic nephropathy and autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease .
ARC 239 is an α2B/C-adrenergic receptor antagonist with pKi of 7.06 and 6.95 for ratkidney α2B and human α2C, respectively. ARC 239 also inhibits 5-HT1A receptor with a Ki of 63.1 nM .
Several different arachidonoyl amino acids, including N-arachidonoyl dopamine and N-arachidonoyl serine, have been isolated and characterized from bovine brain.1 During mass spectral lipidomics analysis of rat brain, a series of fatty acyl amides of a third amino acid, taurine, were discovered.2 This novel class of compounds is present in kidney and activates members of the transient receptor potential (TRP) family of calcium channels.3 N-Oleoyl taurine is an amino-acyl endocannabinoid isolated from rat brain that may activate TRPV1 and TRPV4.
Several different arachidonoyl amino acids, including N-arachidonoyl dopamine (NADA) and N-arachidonoyl serine (ARA-S), have been isolated and characterized from bovine brain.1 During mass spectral lipidomic analysis of rat brain, a series of fatty acyl amides of a third amino acid, taurine, is discovered.2 This novel class of compounds is present in kidney and activates members of the transient receptor potential (TRP) family of calcium channels.3 N-Stearoyl taurine is a prominent amino-acyl endocannabinoid isolated from rat brain during lipidomics profiling.
EUK-134, a synthetic superoxide dismutase and catalase mimetic, protects ratkidneys from ischemia-reperfusion-induced damage. EUK-134 is a superoxide dismutase (SOD) mimetics (SODm) with catalase activity. EUK-134 is a mitoprotective antioxidant. EUK-134 reduces the expression of NF-κB, MDA level, and protein carbonylation in H9C2 cells .
RS 45041-190 hydrochloride is a high-affinity ligand for I2 imidazoline receptors, with the pKis of 8.66, 9.37, 9.32, and 8.85 in rat, rabbit, dog and baboon kidney, respectively. RS 45041-190 hydrochloride shows moderate potency for the inhibition of monoamine oxidase A in vitro (pIC50= 6.12), but had much lower potency for monoamine oxidase B (pIC50 = 4.47) .
Bendazol is an orally effective antihypertensive agent. Bendazol acts directly on vascular smooth muscle to dilate blood vessels and reduce peripheral resistance, thereby improving blood circulation. Bendazol significantly inhibits the development of myopia in rabbit models. Bendazol can regulate kidney function by increasing the activity of NO synthase in the rat model of nephrogenic hypertension. In addition, Bendazol has an effect on sexual behavior and spermatogenesis in male rats .
Galegine hydrochloride, a guanidine derivative, contributes to weight loss in mice. Guanidine hydrochloride is the compound derived from G. officinalis, which gave rise to the biguanides, metformin and phenformin. Galegine hydrochloride activates AMPK in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and L6 myotubes, as well as in the H4IIE rat hepatoma and HEK293 human kidney cell lines. Galegine hydrochloride has antibacterial activity, with minimum inhibitory concentration of 4 mg/L against Staphylococcus aureus strains .
A1/A3 AR antagonist 1 (compound 10) is a potent adenosine 1 (A1) and adenosine 3 (A3) receptor dual antagonist with Kis of 36.7 nM, 25.4 nM and 1.47 nM for human A1, human A3 and rat A1, respectively. A1/A3 AR antagonist 1 can be used for researching kidney failure, inflammatory pulmonary diseases, and Alzheimer’s disease .
Reveromycin C is a polyketide originally isolated from Streptomyces that has antifungal activity against C. albicans (MICs=2.0 and >500 μg/mL at pH 3 and 7.4, respectively). Reveromycin C inhibits EGF-induced mitogenic activity in the Balb/MK mouse epidermal cell line. It also reverses the morphology of sarcoma-virus-transformed NRK ratkidney cells (EC50=1.58 μg/mL) and inhibits proliferation of KB cells and K562 human chronic myelogenous leukemia cells (IC50=2.0 μg/mL for both).
LY 171859 is a D2 receptor agonist with significant reductase activity. LY 171859 exhibits enzymatic activity in the cytoplasm of liver, lung, and kidney, and also contains significant reductase activity in rat and human blood. LY 171859 has higher hepatic reductase activity in guinea pigs, followed by hamsters, rabbits, rats, and mice. The substrate of LY 171859 shows an apparent Km of 5.6 μM. The reduction reaction of LY 171859 is NADPH-dependent with an apparent Km of 14.8 μM. Only the A-side hydrogen of NADPH is incorporated in the reduction product of LY 171859. The reaction of LY 171859 is inhibited by cyanide and thiol reagents, and phenobarbital does not induce its activity in rats .
18β-Glycyrrhetyl-3-O-sulfate (Glycyrrhetic acid 3-O-(hydrogen sulfate)) is a potent type 2 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11β-HSD2) inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.10 µM using ratkidney microsome. 18β-Glycyrrhetyl-3-O-sulfate is the major metabolite of Glycyrrhetinic acid (GA). 18β-Glycyrrhetyl-3-O-sulfate is the substrate of organic anion transporter (OAT) 1 and OAT3. 18β-Glycyrrhetyl-3-O-sulfate has anti-inflammatory effects and has the potential for pseudohyperaldosteronism research .
Perindopril erbumine is an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor. Perindopril erbumine modulates NF-κB and STAT3 signaling and inhibits glial activation and neuroinflammation. Perindopril erbumine can be used for the research of Chronic Kidney Disease and high blood pressure .
Perindopril-d3 (erbumine) is deuterated labeled Perindopril (erbumine) (HY-B0130A). Perindopril erbumine is an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor. Perindopril erbumine modulates NF-κB and STAT3 signaling and inhibits glial activation and neuroinflammation. Perindopril erbumine can be used for the research of Chronic Kidney Disease and high blood pressure .
Perindopril erbumine is an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor. Perindopril erbumine modulates NFκB and STAT3 signaling and inhibits glial activation and neuroinflammation. Perindopril erbumine can be used for the research of Chronic Kidney Disease and high blood pressure .
Cholecystokinin Precursor (24-32) (rat) is a cholecystokinin precursor that can be expressed in the heart, lungs, and kidneys as well as in the gastrointestinal tract and brain. Cholecystokinin is a brain-gut peptide that stimulates gallbladder contraction and pancreatic exocrine secretion and also acts as a neurotransmitter .
Atriopeptin III (ANP 127-150) (rat), a 24-amino acid atrial peptide, is a potent vasodilator and natriuretic/diuretic agent. Atriopeptin III (rat) improves renal functions and decreases blood pressure in a ureter-obstructed ratkidney model. Atriopeptin III (rat) can be used for research of chronic renal failure .
Uroguanylin-15 (Rat) is a biological active peptide. (Uroguanylin is a natriuretic peptide, a hormone that regulates sodium excretion by the kidney when excess NaCl is consumed. Uroguanylin and guanylin are related peptides that activate common guanylate cyclase signaling molecules in the intestine and kidney. Uroguanylin was isolated from urine and duodenum but was not detected in extracts from the colon of rats.)
C-Type Natriuretic Peptide (1-53), Porcine, Rat, mouse is an activator of particulate guanylate cyclase B (pGC-B), which is highly expressed in endothelial cells, kidneys, and the heart. C-Type Natriuretic Peptide (1-53), Porcine, Rat, mouse can mediate a potent anti-fibrotic effect in human cardiac and renal fibroblasts by generating the second messenger cGMP .
4-Bromo-3-hydroxybenzoic acid is a metabolite of Brocresine and a histidine decarboxylase (HDC) inhibitor with IC50s of 1 mM for both rat fetal and rat gastric HDC. 4-Bromo-3-hydroxybenzoic acid also inhibits aromatic-L-amino acid decarboxylase from hog kidney and rat gastric mucosa in vitro with IC50s of 1 mM for both enzymes .
Prosaikogenin G, isolated from the roots of Bupleurum chinensis DC., exhibits significant inhibitory effects on rat mesangial cell proliferation induced by Ang II. Prosaikogenin G has protective action on the kidney . Prosaikogenin G is a derivative of Saikosaponin d in the gastrointestinal tract .
Galegine hydrochloride, a guanidine derivative, contributes to weight loss in mice. Guanidine hydrochloride is the compound derived from G. officinalis, which gave rise to the biguanides, metformin and phenformin. Galegine hydrochloride activates AMPK in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and L6 myotubes, as well as in the H4IIE rat hepatoma and HEK293 human kidney cell lines. Galegine hydrochloride has antibacterial activity, with minimum inhibitory concentration of 4 mg/L against Staphylococcus aureus strains .
Perindopril erbumine is an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor. Perindopril erbumine modulates NFκB and STAT3 signaling and inhibits glial activation and neuroinflammation. Perindopril erbumine can be used for the research of Chronic Kidney Disease and high blood pressure .
Cadherin-6/KCAD Protein, a member of the calcium-dependent cell adhesion protein family, assumes a crucial role in mediating cellular adhesion. It exhibits a preference for interacting with other cadherin molecules of the same type in a homophilic manner, facilitating the adhesion between connecting cells. As a calcium-dependent adhesion protein, Cadherin-6/KCAD participates in maintaining the structural integrity of tissues and regulating cellular processes such as development, differentiation, and morphogenesis. Cadherin-6/KCAD Protein, Rat (HEK293, His) is the recombinant rat-derived Cadherin-6/KCAD protein, expressed by HEK293 , with C-His labeled tag. The total length of Cadherin-6/KCAD Protein, Rat (HEK293, His) is 597 a.a., with molecular weight of 85-95 KDa.
Perindopril-d3 (erbumine) is deuterated labeled Perindopril (erbumine) (HY-B0130A). Perindopril erbumine is an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor. Perindopril erbumine modulates NF-κB and STAT3 signaling and inhibits glial activation and neuroinflammation. Perindopril erbumine can be used for the research of Chronic Kidney Disease and high blood pressure .
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