2. Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
  3. Endogenous Metabolite
  4. Actinine chloride

Actinine chloride  (Synonyms: γ-Butyrobetaine chloride; Deoxycarnitine chloride)

Cat. No.: HY-113270A Purity: ≥98.0%
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Actinine (γ-Butyrobetaine) chloride is angiopathic substance produced as an intermediary metabolite by gut microbiota that feed on carnitine in dietary red meat.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Actinine chloride Chemical Structure

Actinine chloride Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 6249-56-5

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10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO
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Based on 1 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Other Forms of Actinine chloride:

Actinine chloride Related Antibodies

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Description

Actinine (γ-Butyrobetaine) chloride is angiopathic substance produced as an intermediary metabolite by gut microbiota that feed on carnitine in dietary red meat.

In Vivo

(3-Carboxypropyl)trimethylammonium chloride is produced as an intermediary metabolite by gut microbes of L-Carnitine to TMAO[1]. (3-Carboxypropyl)trimethylammonium chloride is implicated in arteriosclerosis and long-term cardiovascular death[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Molecular Weight

181.66

Formula

C7H16ClNO2
CAS No.
Appearance

Solid

Color

White to off-white

SMILES

C[N+](C)(C)CCCC(O)=O.[Cl-]
Structure Classification
Initial Source
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Storage

4°C, sealed storage, away from moisture

*In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)

Solvent & Solubility
In Vitro: 

H2O : 100 mg/mL (550.48 mM; Need ultrasonic)

DMSO : 30 mg/mL (165.14 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

Preparing
Stock Solutions
Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 5.5048 mL 27.5239 mL 55.0479 mL
5 mM 1.1010 mL 5.5048 mL 11.0096 mL
View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

  • Molarity Calculator

  • Dilution Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass
=
Concentration
×
Volume
×
Molecular Weight *

Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

Concentration (start)

C1

×
Volume (start)

V1

=
Concentration (final)

C2

×
Volume (final)

V2

In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

  • Protocol 1

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    40% PEG300    5% Tween-80    45% Saline

    Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (13.76 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

    Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
  • Protocol 2

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

    Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (13.76 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

    Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage

mg/kg

Animal weight
(per animal)

g

Dosing volume
(per animal)

μL

Number of animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Calculation results:
Working solution concentration: mg/mL
This product has good water solubility, please refer to the measured solubility data in water/PBS/Saline for details.
The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only.If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
Purity & Documentation
References

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
DMSO / H2O 1 mM 5.5048 mL 27.5239 mL 55.0479 mL 137.6197 mL
5 mM 1.1010 mL 5.5048 mL 11.0096 mL 27.5239 mL
10 mM 0.5505 mL 2.7524 mL 5.5048 mL 13.7620 mL
15 mM 0.3670 mL 1.8349 mL 3.6699 mL 9.1746 mL
20 mM 0.2752 mL 1.3762 mL 2.7524 mL 6.8810 mL
25 mM 0.2202 mL 1.1010 mL 2.2019 mL 5.5048 mL
30 mM 0.1835 mL 0.9175 mL 1.8349 mL 4.5873 mL
40 mM 0.1376 mL 0.6881 mL 1.3762 mL 3.4405 mL
50 mM 0.1101 mL 0.5505 mL 1.1010 mL 2.7524 mL
60 mM 0.0917 mL 0.4587 mL 0.9175 mL 2.2937 mL
80 mM 0.0688 mL 0.3440 mL 0.6881 mL 1.7202 mL
100 mM 0.0550 mL 0.2752 mL 0.5505 mL 1.3762 mL

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

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Actinine chloride Related Classifications

Help & FAQs
  • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

    Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

Keywords:

Actinine6249-56-5γ-ButyrobetaineDeoxycarnitineEndogenous MetaboliteInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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