ADP-sugar pyrophosphatase

Definition:

Enzyme that can either act as an ADP-sugar pyrophosphatase in absence of diphosphate or catalyze the synthesis of ATP in presence of diphosphate. In absence of diphosphate, hydrolyzes with similar activities various modified nucleoside diphosphates such as ADP-ribose, ADP-mannose, ADP-glucose, 8-oxo-GDP and 8-oxo-dGDP. Can also hydrolyze other nucleotide sugars with low activity. In presence of diphosphate, mediates the synthesis of ATP in the nucleus by catalyzing the conversion of ADP-ribose to ATP and ribose 5-phosphate. Nuclear ATP synthesis takes place when dephosphorylated at Thr-45. Nuclear ATP generation is required for extensive chromatin remodeling events that are energy-consuming. Does not play a role in U8 snoRNA decapping activity (By similarity). Binds U8 snoRNA (By similarity).

References:

[1]. Riyoko Ito, et al. Cleavage of oxidized guanine nucleotide and ADP sugar by human NUDT5 protein. J Biochem. 2011 Jun;149(6):731-8. [Content Brief]

[2]. H Yang, et al. Cloning and characterization of a new member of the Nudix hydrolases from human and mouse. J Biol Chem. 2000 Mar 24;275(12):8844-53. [Content Brief]

[3]. Roni H G Wright, et al. ADP-ribose-derived nuclear ATP synthesis by NUDIX5 is required for chromatin remodeling. Science. 2016 Jun 3;352(6290):1221-5. [Content Brief]

[4]. Hiroyuki Kamiya, et al. NUDT5 hydrolyzes oxidized deoxyribonucleoside diphosphates with broad substrate specificity. DNA Repair (Amst). 2009 Oct 2;8(10):1250-4. [Content Brief]

[5]. Manwu Zha, et al. Crystal structures of human NUDT5 reveal insights into the structural basis of the substrate specificity. J Mol Biol. 2006 Dec 15;364(5):1021-33. [Content Brief]

[6]. L Gasmi, et al. Cloning, expression and characterization of YSA1H, a human adenosine 5'-diphosphosugar pyrophosphatase possessing a MutT motif. Biochem J. 1999 Dec 1;344 Pt 2(Pt 2):331-7. [Content Brief]

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