Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C2

Definition:

Cytosolic aldo-keto reductase that catalyzes the NADH and NADPH-dependent reduction of ketosteroids to hydroxysteroids. Most probably acts as a reductase in vivo since the oxidase activity measured in vitro is inhibited by physiological concentrations of NADPH. Displays a broad positional specificity acting on positions 3, 17 and 20 of steroids and regulates the metabolism of hormones like estrogens and androgens. Works in concert with the 5-alpha/5-beta-steroid reductases to convert steroid hormones into the 3-alpha/5-alpha and 3-alpha/5-beta-tetrahydrosteroids. Catalyzes the inactivation of the most potent androgen 5-alpha-dihydrotestosterone (5-alpha-DHT) to 5-alpha-androstane-3-alpha,17-beta-diol (3-alpha-diol). Also specifically able to produce 17beta-hydroxy-5alpha-androstan-3-one/5alphaDHT. May also reduce conjugated steroids such as 5alpha-dihydrotestosterone sulfate. Displays affinity for bile acids.

References:

[1]. Frédérick Faucher, et al. Mouse 17alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (AKR1C21) binds steroids differently from other aldo-keto reductases: identification and characterization of amino acid residues critical for substrate binding. J Mol Biol. 2007 Jun 1;369(2):525-40. [Content Brief]

[2]. Stephan Steckelbroeck, et al. Human cytosolic 3alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases of the aldo-keto reductase superfamily display significant 3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity: implications for steroid hormone metabolism and action. J Biol Chem. 2004 Mar 12;279(11):10784-95. [Content Brief]

[3]. Frédérick Faucher, et al. Crystal structures of mouse 17alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (apoenzyme and enzyme-NADP(H) binary complex): identification of molecular determinants responsible for the unique 17alpha-reductive activity of this enzyme. J Mol Biol. 2006 Dec 8;364(4):747-63. [Content Brief]

[4]. T M Penning, et al. Human 3alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase isoforms (AKR1C1-AKR1C4) of the aldo-keto reductase superfamily: functional plasticity and tissue distribution reveals roles in the inactivation and formation of male and female sex hormones. Biochem J. 2000 Oct 1;351(Pt 1):67-77. [Content Brief]

[5]. A Stolz, et al. cDNA cloning and expression of the human hepatic bile acid-binding protein. A member of the monomeric reductase gene family. J Biol Chem. 1993 May 15;268(14):10448-57. [Content Brief]

[6]. A Hara, et al. Relationship of human liver dihydrodiol dehydrogenases to hepatic bile-acid-binding protein and an oxidoreductase of human colon cells. Biochem J. 1996 Jan 15;313 ( Pt 2)(Pt 2):373-6. [Content Brief]

[7]. Yi Jin, et al. Human cytosolic hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases of the aldo-ketoreductase superfamily catalyze reduction of conjugated steroids: implications for phase I and phase II steroid hormone metabolism. J Biol Chem. 2009 Apr 10;284(15):10013-22. [Content Brief]

[8]. Jean-François Couture, et al. Comparison of crystal structures of human type 3 3alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase reveals an "induced-fit" mechanism and a conserved basic motif involved in the binding of androgen. Protein Sci. 2005 Jun;14(6):1485-97. [Content Brief]

Biomedical Dictionary

The Biomedical Dictionary is a comprehensive and professional collection of biological academic terms and subject datas. All explanations are supported by authoritative books or high impact factor literatures, and you can acquire accurate explanations of the biomedical terms you want to know.

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z #

Name
Email *

	Sorry, but the email address you supplied was invalid.