Complement C3

Definition:

C3 plays a central role in the activation of the complement system. Its processing by C3 convertase is the central reaction in both classical and alternative complement pathways. After activation C3b can bind covalently, via its reactive thioester, to cell surface carbohydrates or immune aggregates.; Derived from proteolytic degradation of complement C3, C3a anaphylatoxin is a mediator of local inflammatory process. In chronic inflammation, acts as a chemoattractant for neutrophils (By similarity). It induces the contraction of smooth muscle, increases vascular permeability and causes histamine release from mast cells and basophilic leukocytes.; [C3-beta-c]: Acts as a chemoattractant for neutrophils in chronic inflammation.; [Acylation stimulating protein]: Adipogenic hormone that stimulates triglyceride (TG) synthesis and glucose transport in adipocytes, regulating fat storage and playing a role in postprandial TG clearance. Appears to stimulate TG synthesis via activation of the PLC, MAPK and AKT signaling pathways. Ligand for C5AR2. Promotes the phosphorylation, ARRB2-mediated internalization and recycling of C5AR2.

References:

[1]. David Kalant, et al. C5L2 is a functional receptor for acylation-stimulating protein. J Biol Chem. 2005 Jun 24;280(25):23936-44. [Content Brief]

[2]. K M Cianflone, et al. Purification and characterization of acylation stimulating protein. J Biol Chem. 1989 Jan 5;264(1):426-30. [Content Brief]

[3]. Magdalena Maslowska, et al. Targeting the signaling pathway of acylation stimulating protein. J Lipid Res. 2006 Mar;47(3):643-52. [Content Brief]

[4]. Wei Cui, et al. C5a- and ASP-mediated C5L2 activation, endocytosis and recycling are lost in S323I-C5L2 mutation. Mol Immunol. 2009 Sep;46(15):3086-98. [Content Brief]

[5]. A Baldo, et al. The adipsin-acylation stimulating protein system and regulation of intracellular triglyceride synthesis. J Clin Invest. 1993 Sep;92(3):1543-7. [Content Brief]

[6]. Y Tao, et al. Acylation-stimulating protein (ASP) regulates glucose transport in the rat L6 muscle cell line. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1997 Feb 18;1344(3):221-9. [Content Brief]

[7]. I Murray, et al. Acylation-stimulating protein (ASP): structure-function determinants of cell surface binding and triacylglycerol synthetic activity. Biochem J. 1999 Aug 15;342 ( Pt 1)(Pt 1):41-8. [Content Brief]

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