Cytochrome P450 2C8

Definition:

A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase involved in the metabolism of various endogenous substrates, including fatty acids, steroid hormones and vitamins. Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate, and reducing the second into a water molecule, with two electrons provided by NADPH via cytochrome P450 reductase (NADPH--hemoprotein reductase). Primarily catalyzes the epoxidation of double bonds of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) with a preference for the last double bond. Catalyzes the hydroxylation of carbon-hydrogen bonds. Metabolizes all trans-retinoic acid toward its 4-hydroxylated form. Displays 16-alpha hydroxylase activity toward estrogen steroid hormones, 17beta-estradiol (E2) and estrone (E1). Plays a role in the oxidative metabolism of xenobiotics. It is the principal enzyme responsible for the metabolism of the anti-cancer drug paclitaxel (taxol).

References:

[1]. Danièle Lucas, et al. Stereoselective epoxidation of the last double bond of polyunsaturated fatty acids by human cytochromes P450. J Lipid Res. 2010 May;51(5):1125-33. [Content Brief]

[2]. Eduardo Barbosa-Sicard, et al. Eicosapentaenoic acid metabolism by cytochrome P450 enzymes of the CYP2C subfamily. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2005 Apr 22;329(4):1275-81. [Content Brief]

[3]. J Marill, et al. Identification of human cytochrome P450s involved in the formation of all-trans-retinoic acid principal metabolites. Mol Pharmacol. 2000 Dec;58(6):1341-8. [Content Brief]

[4]. Anthony J Lee, et al. Human cytochrome P450 3A7 has a distinct high catalytic activity for the 16alpha-hydroxylation of estrone but not 17beta-estradiol. Cancer Res. 2003 Oct 1;63(19):6532-6. [Content Brief]

[5]. D C Zeldin, et al. Molecular cloning, expression and characterization of an endogenous human cytochrome P450 arachidonic acid epoxygenase isoform. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1995 Sep 10;322(1):76-86. [Content Brief]

[6]. Chiharu Tsukada, et al. Functional characterization of 12 allelic variants of CYP2C8 by assessment of paclitaxel 6α-hydroxylation and amodiaquine N-deethylation. Drug Metab Pharmacokinet. 2015 Oct;30(5):366-73. [Content Brief]

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