DNA polymerase nu

Definition:

DNA polymerase with very low fidelity that catalyzes considerable misincorporation by inserting dTTP opposite a G template, and dGTP opposite a T template. Is the least accurate of the DNA polymerase A family (i.e. POLG, POLN and POLQ). Can perform accurate translesion DNA synthesis (TLS) past a 5S-thymine glycol. Can perform efficient strand displacement past a nick or a gap and gives rise to an amount of product similar to that on non-damaged template. Has no exonuclease activity. Error-prone DNA polymerase that preferentially misincorporates dT regardless of template sequence. May play a role in TLS during interstrand cross-link (ICL) repair. May be involved in TLS when genomic replication is blocked by extremely large major groove DNA lesions. May function in the bypass of some DNA-protein and DNA-DNA cross-links. May have a role in cellular tolerance to DNA cross-linking agents. Involved in the repair of DNA cross-links and double-strand break (DSB) resistance. Participates in FANCD2-mediated repair. Forms a complex with HELQ helicase that participates in homologous recombination (HR) repair and is essential for cellular protection against DNA cross-links.

References:

[1]. Mercedes E Arana, et al. A unique error signature for human DNA polymerase nu. DNA Repair (Amst). 2007 Feb 4;6(2):213-23. [Content Brief]

[2]. Young-Sam Lee, et al. How a homolog of high-fidelity replicases conducts mutagenic DNA synthesis. Nat Struct Mol Biol. 2015 Apr;22(4):298-303. [Content Brief]

[3]. George-Lucian Moldovan, et al. DNA polymerase POLN participates in cross-link repair and homologous recombination. Mol Cell Biol. 2010 Feb;30(4):1088-96. [Content Brief]

[4]. Laura Zietlow, et al. Evidence for the involvement of human DNA polymerase N in the repair of DNA interstrand cross-links. Biochemistry. 2009 Dec 15;48(49):11817-24. [Content Brief]

[5]. Kei-ichi Takata, et al. Human DNA polymerase N (POLN) is a low fidelity enzyme capable of error-free bypass of 5S-thymine glycol. J Biol Chem. 2006 Aug 18;281(33):23445-55. [Content Brief]

[6]. Kinrin Yamanaka, et al. Novel enzymatic function of DNA polymerase nu in translesion DNA synthesis past major groove DNA-peptide and DNA-DNA cross-links. Chem Res Toxicol. 2010 Mar 15;23(3):689-95. [Content Brief]

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