ER membrane protein complex subunit 2

Definition:

Part of the endoplasmic reticulum membrane protein complex (EMC) that enables the energy-independent insertion into endoplasmic reticulum membranes of newly synthesized membrane proteins. Preferentially accommodates proteins with transmembrane domains that are weakly hydrophobic or contain destabilizing features such as charged and aromatic residues. Involved in the cotranslational insertion of multi-pass membrane proteins in which stop-transfer membrane-anchor sequences become ER membrane spanning helices. It is also required for the post-translational insertion of tail-anchored/TA proteins in endoplasmic reticulum membranes. By mediating the proper cotranslational insertion of N-terminal transmembrane domains in an N-exo topology, with translocated N-terminus in the lumen of the ER, controls the topology of multi-pass membrane proteins like the G protein-coupled receptors. By regulating the insertion of various proteins in membranes, it is indirectly involved in many cellular processes (Probable).

References:

[1]. John P O'Donnell, et al. The architecture of EMC reveals a path for membrane protein insertion. Elife. 2020 May 27;9:e57887. [Content Brief]

[2]. Alina Guna, et al. The ER membrane protein complex is a transmembrane domain insertase. Science. 2018 Jan 26;359(6374):470-473. [Content Brief]

[3]. Patrick J Chitwood, et al. EMC Is Required to Initiate Accurate Membrane Protein Topogenesis. Cell. 2018 Nov 29;175(6):1507-1519.e16. [Content Brief]

[4]. Tino Pleiner, et al. Structural basis for membrane insertion by the human ER membrane protein complex. Science. 2020 Jul 24;369(6502):433-436. [Content Brief]

[5]. Matthew J Shurtleff, et al. The ER membrane protein complex interacts cotranslationally to enable biogenesis of multipass membrane proteins. Elife. 2018 May 29;7:e37018. [Content Brief]

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