Histone H3-like centromeric protein A

Definition:

Histone H3-like nucleosomal protein that is specifically found in centromeric nucleosomes. Replaces conventional H3 in the nucleosome core of centromeric chromatin that serves as an assembly site for the inner kinetochore. The presence of CENPA subtly modifies the nucleosome structure and the way DNA is wrapped around the nucleosome and gives rise to protruding DNA ends that are less well-ordered and rigid compared to nucleosomes containing histone H3. May serve as an epigenetic mark that propagates centromere identity through replication and cell division. Required for recruitment and assembly of kinetochore proteins, and as a consequence required for progress through mitosis, chromosome segregation and cytokinesis.

References:

[1]. Ben E Black, et al. Structural determinants for generating centromeric chromatin. Nature. 2004 Jul 29;430(6999):578-82. [Content Brief]

[2]. Hao Hu, et al. Structure of a CENP-A-histone H4 heterodimer in complex with chaperone HJURP. Genes Dev. 2011 May 1;25(9):901-6. [Content Brief]

[3]. Yohan Roulland, et al. The Flexible Ends of CENP-A Nucleosome Are Required for Mitotic Fidelity. Mol Cell. 2016 Aug 18;63(4):674-685. [Content Brief]

[4]. Sandra Orthaus, et al. Assembly of the inner kinetochore proteins CENP-A and CENP-B in living human cells. Chembiochem. 2008 Jan 4;9(1):77-92. [Content Brief]

[5]. Nikolina Sekulic, et al. The structure of (CENP-A-H4)(2) reveals physical features that mark centromeres. Nature. 2010 Sep 16;467(7313):347-51. [Content Brief]

[6]. Alicia Alonso, et al. Co-localization of CENP-C and CENP-H to discontinuous domains of CENP-A chromatin at human neocentromeres. Genome Biol. 2007;8(7):R148. [Content Brief]

[7]. S G Zeitlin, et al. CENP-A is phosphorylated by Aurora B kinase and plays an unexpected role in completion of cytokinesis. J Cell Biol. 2001 Dec 24;155(7):1147-57. [Content Brief]

[8]. Zhouliang Yu, et al. Dynamic phosphorylation of CENP-A at Ser68 orchestrates its cell-cycle-dependent deposition at centromeres. Dev Cell. 2015 Jan 12;32(1):68-81. [Content Brief]

[9]. Danielle V Irvine, et al. Chromosome size and origin as determinants of the level of CENP-A incorporation into human centromeres. Chromosome Res. 2004;12(8):805-15. [Content Brief]

[10]. Samantha J Falk, et al. CENP-C directs a structural transition of CENP-A nucleosomes mainly through sliding of DNA gyres. Nat Struct Mol Biol. 2016 Mar;23(3):204-208. [Content Brief]

[11]. R D Shelby, et al. Assembly of CENP-A into centromeric chromatin requires a cooperative array of nucleosomal DNA contact sites. J Cell Biol. 1997 Feb 10;136(3):501-13. [Content Brief]

[12]. K F Sullivan, et al. Human CENP-A contains a histone H3 related histone fold domain that is required for targeting to the centromere. J Cell Biol. 1994 Nov;127(3):581-92. [Content Brief]

[13]. Aaron O Bailey, et al. Posttranslational modification of CENP-A influences the conformation of centromeric chromatin. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2013 Jul 16;110(29):11827-32. [Content Brief]

[14]. Owen J Marshall, et al. Three-dimensional localization of CENP-A suggests a complex higher order structure of centromeric chromatin. J Cell Biol. 2008 Dec 29;183(7):1193-202. [Content Brief]

[15]. Beth A Sullivan, et al. Centromeric chromatin exhibits a histone modification pattern that is distinct from both euchromatin and heterochromatin. Nat Struct Mol Biol. 2004 Nov;11(11):1076-83. [Content Brief]

[16]. Naoko Kunitoku, et al. CENP-A phosphorylation by Aurora-A in prophase is required for enrichment of Aurora-B at inner centromeres and for kinetochore function. Dev Cell. 2003 Dec;5(6):853-64. [Content Brief]

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