Interleukin-8

Definition:

Chemotactic factor that mediates inflammatory response by attracting neutrophils, basophils, and T-cells to clear pathogens and protect the host from infection. Also plays an important role in neutrophil activation. Released in response to an inflammatory stimulus, exerts its effect by binding to the G-protein-coupled receptors CXCR1 and CXCR2, primarily found in neutrophils, monocytes and endothelial cells. G-protein heterotrimer (alpha, beta, gamma subunits) constitutively binds to CXCR1/CXCR2 receptor and activation by IL8 leads to beta and gamma subunits release from Galpha (GNAI2 in neutrophils) and activation of several downstream signaling pathways including PI3K and MAPK pathways.

References:

[1]. B B Damaj, et al. Physical association of Gi2alpha with interleukin-8 receptors. J Biol Chem. 1996 May 31;271(22):12783-9. [Content Brief]

[2]. W E Holmes, et al. Structure and functional expression of a human interleukin-8 receptor. Science. 1991 Sep 13;253(5025):1278-80. [Content Brief]

[3]. M E Hammond, et al. IL-8 induces neutrophil chemotaxis predominantly via type I IL-8 receptors. J Immunol. 1995 Aug 1;155(3):1428-33. [Content Brief]

[4]. P M Murphy, et al. Cloning of complementary DNA encoding a functional human interleukin-8 receptor. Science. 1991 Sep 13;253(5025):1280-3. [Content Brief]

[5]. Mimi Takami, et al. Signaling pathways involved in IL-8-dependent activation of adhesion through Mac-1. J Immunol. 2002 May 1;168(9):4559-66. [Content Brief]

[6]. C A Hébert, et al. Endothelial and leukocyte forms of IL-8. Conversion by thrombin and interactions with neutrophils. J Immunol. 1990 Nov 1;145(9):3033-40. [Content Brief]

[7]. H H Jacobi, et al. IL-8 and the activation of eosinophils and neutrophils following nasal allergen challenge. Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 1998 May;116(1):53-9. [Content Brief]

[8]. Annelies S Zinkernagel, et al. The IL-8 protease SpyCEP/ScpC of group A Streptococcus promotes resistance to neutrophil killing. Cell Host Microbe. 2008 Aug 14;4(2):170-8. [Content Brief]

[9]. J Van Damme, et al. The neutrophil-activating proteins interleukin 8 and beta-thromboglobulin: in vitro and in vivo comparison of NH2-terminally processed forms. Eur J Immunol. 1990 Sep;20(9):2113-8. [Content Brief]

[10]. Evemie Schutyser, et al. Identification of biologically active chemokine isoforms from ascitic fluid and elevated levels of CCL18/pulmonary and activation-regulated chemokine in ovarian carcinoma. J Biol Chem. 2002 Jul 5;277(27):24584-93. [Content Brief]

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