Myeloid cell surface antigen CD33

Definition:

Sialic-acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectin (Siglec) that plays a role in mediating cell-cell interactions and in maintaining immune cells in a resting state. Preferentially recognizes and binds alpha-2,3- and more avidly alpha-2,6-linked sialic acid-bearing glycans. Upon engagement of ligands such as C1q or syalylated glycoproteins, two immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motifs (ITIMs) located in CD33 cytoplasmic tail are phosphorylated by Src-like kinases such as LCK. These phosphorylations provide docking sites for the recruitment and activation of protein-tyrosine phosphatases PTPN6/SHP-1 and PTPN11/SHP-2. In turn, these phosphatases regulate downstream pathways through dephosphorylation of signaling molecules. One of the repressive effect of CD33 on monocyte activation requires phosphoinositide 3-kinase/PI3K.

References:

[1]. T Ulyanova, et al. The sialoadhesin CD33 is a myeloid-specific inhibitory receptor. Eur J Immunol. 1999 Nov;29(11):3440-9. [Content Brief]

[2]. S D Freeman, et al. Characterization of CD33 as a new member of the sialoadhesin family of cellular interaction molecules. Blood. 1995 Apr 15;85(8):2005-12. [Content Brief]

[3]. C Vitale, et al. Engagement of p75/AIRM1 or CD33 inhibits the proliferation of normal or leukemic myeloid cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1999 Dec 21;96(26):15091-6. [Content Brief]

[4]. Myoungsun Son, et al. Evidence for C1q-mediated crosslinking of CD33/LAIR-1 inhibitory immunoreceptors and biological control of CD33/LAIR-1 expression. Sci Rep. 2017 Mar 21;7(1):270. [Content Brief]

[5]. S P Paul, et al. Myeloid specific human CD33 is an inhibitory receptor with differential ITIM function in recruiting the phosphatases SHP-1 and SHP-2. Blood. 2000 Jul 15;96(2):483-90. [Content Brief]

[6]. V C Taylor, et al. The myeloid-specific sialic acid-binding receptor, CD33, associates with the protein-tyrosine phosphatases, SHP-1 and SHP-2. J Biol Chem. 1999 Apr 23;274(17):11505-12. [Content Brief]

[7]. C Vitale, et al. Surface expression and function of p75/AIRM-1 or CD33 in acute myeloid leukemias: engagement of CD33 induces apoptosis of leukemic cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2001 May 8;98(10):5764-9. [Content Brief]

[8]. Frédéric Lajaunias, et al. Constitutive repressor activity of CD33 on human monocytes requires sialic acid recognition and phosphoinositide 3-kinase-mediated intracellular signaling. Eur J Immunol. 2005 Jan;35(1):243-51. [Content Brief]

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