Phosphatidylinositol-binding clathrin assembly protein

Definition:

Cytoplasmic adapter protein that plays a critical role in clathrin-mediated endocytosis which is important in processes such as internalization of cell receptors, synaptic transmission or removal of apoptotic cells. Recruits AP-2 and attaches clathrin triskelions to the cytoplasmic side of plasma membrane leading to clathrin-coated vesicles (CCVs) assembly. Furthermore, regulates clathrin-coated vesicle size and maturation by directly sensing and driving membrane curvature. In addition to binding to clathrin, mediates the endocytosis of small R-SNARES (Soluble NSF Attachment Protein REceptors) between plasma membranes and endosomes including VAMP2, VAMP3, VAMP4, VAMP7 or VAMP8. In turn, PICALM-dependent SNARE endocytosis is required for the formation and maturation of autophagic precursors. Modulates thereby autophagy and the turnover of autophagy substrates such as MAPT/TAU or amyloid precursor protein cleaved C-terminal fragment (APP-CTF).

References:

[1]. Kevin Moreau, et al. PICALM modulates autophagy activity and tau accumulation. Nat Commun. 2014 Sep 22;5:4998. [Content Brief]

[2]. Sharon E Miller, et al. The molecular basis for the endocytosis of small R-SNAREs by the clathrin adaptor CALM. Cell. 2011 Nov 23;147(5):1118-31. [Content Brief]

[3]. Daniela A Sahlender, et al. Uncoupling the functions of CALM in VAMP sorting and clathrin-coated pit formation. PLoS One. 2013 May 31;8(5):e64514. [Content Brief]

[4]. Lia Moshkanbaryans, et al. A Novel Sequence in AP180 and CALM Promotes Efficient Clathrin Binding and Assembly. PLoS One. 2016 Aug 30;11(8):e0162050. [Content Brief]

[5]. Anika Meyerholz, et al. Effect of clathrin assembly lymphoid myeloid leukemia protein depletion on clathrin coat formation. Traffic. 2005 Dec;6(12):1225-34. [Content Brief]

[6]. Sharon E Miller, et al. CALM regulates clathrin-coated vesicle size and maturation by directly sensing and driving membrane curvature. Dev Cell. 2015 Apr 20;33(2):163-75. [Content Brief]

[7]. Yuan Tian, et al. Adaptor complex AP2/PICALM, through interaction with LC3, targets Alzheimer's APP-CTF for terminal degradation via autophagy. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2013 Oct 15;110(42):17071-6. [Content Brief]

[8]. Seong Joo Koo, et al. SNARE motif-mediated sorting of synaptobrevin by the endocytic adaptors clathrin assembly lymphoid myeloid leukemia (CALM) and AP180 at synapses. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2011 Aug 16;108(33):13540-5. [Content Brief]

[9]. F Tebar, et al. Clathrin assembly lymphoid myeloid leukemia (CALM) protein: localization in endocytic-coated pits, interactions with clathrin, and the impact of overexpression on clathrin-mediated traffic. Mol Biol Cell. 1999 Aug;10(8):2687-702. [Content Brief]

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