Phospholipid scramblase 3

Definition:

Catalyzes calcium-induced ATP-independent rapid bidirectional and non-specific movement of the phospholipids (lipid scrambling or lipid flip-flop) between the inner and outer membrane of the mitochondria. Plays an important role in mitochondrial respiratory function, morphology, and apoptotic response. Mediates the translocation of cardiolipin from the mitochondrial inner membrane to outer membrane enhancing t-Bid induced cytochrome c release and apoptosis. Enhances TNFSF10-induced apoptosis by regulating the distribution of cardiolipin in the mitochondrial membrane resulting in increased release of apoptogenic factors and consequent amplification of the activity of caspases. Regulates cardiolipin de novo biosynthesis and its resynthesis.

References:

[1]. Jihua Liu, et al. Phospholipid scramblase 3 controls mitochondrial structure, function, and apoptotic response. Mol Cancer Res. 2003 Oct;1(12):892-902. [Content Brief]

[2]. Jihua Liu, et al. Phospholipid scramblase 3 is the mitochondrial target of protein kinase C delta-induced apoptosis. Cancer Res. 2003 Mar 15;63(6):1153-6. [Content Brief]

[3]. Jihua Liu, et al. Role of phospholipid scramblase 3 in the regulation of tumor necrosis factor-alpha-induced apoptosis. Biochemistry. 2008 Apr 15;47(15):4518-29. [Content Brief]

[4]. Quyen Van, et al. Phospholipid scramblase-3 regulates cardiolipin de novo biosynthesis and its resynthesis in growing HeLa cells. Biochem J. 2007 Jan 1;401(1):103-9. [Content Brief]

[5]. Santosh Kumar Palanirajan, et al. Heavy-Metals-Mediated Phospholipids Scrambling by Human Phospholipid Scramblase 3: A Probable Role in Mitochondrial Apoptosis. Chem Res Toxicol. 2020 Feb 17;33(2):553-564. [Content Brief]

[6]. Yongwen He, et al. Phosphorylation of mitochondrial phospholipid scramblase 3 by protein kinase C-delta induces its activation and facilitates mitochondrial targeting of tBid. J Cell Biochem. 2007 Aug 1;101(5):1210-21. [Content Brief]

[7]. Santosh Kumar Palanirajan, et al. In vitro reconstitution and biochemical characterization of human phospholipid scramblase 3: phospholipid specificity and metal ion binding studies. Biol Chem. 2018 Mar 28;399(4):361-374. [Content Brief]

[8]. Kenneth Ndebele, et al. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) induced mitochondrial pathway to apoptosis and caspase activation is potentiated by phospholipid scramblase-3. Apoptosis. 2008 Jul;13(7):845-56. [Content Brief]

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