Pituitary TSH hypersecretion

Definition:

Pituitary TSH hypersecretion is disease of the anterior portion of the pituitary resulting in hypersecretion of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH). It includes two forms of central hyperthyroidism, i.e. TSH-secreting pituitary adenoma (TSHoma) and resistance to thyroid hormone action (RTH). The incidence of hyperthyroidism due to a TSHoma is extremely low, 1-2% of all cases of hyperthyroidism. Most of the tumors are macroadenomas usually presenting with symptoms such as headache and/or visual field impairment while the symptoms of hyperthyroidism seem to be milder compared with those caused by primary hyperthyroidism. First-line treatment of TSHoma is pituitary adenomectomy followed by irradiation in the case of surgical failure. However, medical treatment with somatostatin analogs, such as octreotide and lanreotide, are effective in reducing TSH secretion.

References:

[1]. Anli Tong, et al. Hyperthyroidism caused by an ectopic thyrotropin-secreting tumor of the nasopharynx: a case report and review of the literature. Thyroid. 2013 Sep;23(9):1172-7. [Content Brief]

[2]. Athanasios C Mousiolis, et al. Somatostatin Analogue Treatment of a TSH-Secreting Adenoma Presenting With Accelerated Bone Metabolism and a Pericardial Effusion: A Case Report. Medicine (Baltimore). 2016 Jan;95(2):e2358. [Content Brief]

[3]. P Beck-Peccoz, et al. 2013 European thyroid association guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of thyrotropin-secreting pituitary tumors. Eur Thyroid J. 2013 Jun;2(2):76-82. [Content Brief]

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