Retrotransposon-derived protein PEG10

Definition:

Retrotransposon-derived protein that binds its own mRNA and self-assembles into virion-like capsids. Forms virion-like extracellular vesicles that encapsulate their own mRNA and are released from cells, enabling intercellular transfer of PEG10 mRNA. Binds its own mRNA in the 5'-UTR region, in the region near the boundary between the nucleocapsid (NC) and protease (PRO) coding sequences and in the beginning of the 3'-UTR region. Involved in placenta formation: required for trophoblast stem cells differentiation (By similarity). Involved at the immediate early stage of adipocyte differentiation (By similarity). Overexpressed in many cancers and enhances tumor progression: promotes cell proliferation by driving cell cycle progression from G0/G1. Enhances cancer progression by inhibiting the TGF-beta signaling, possibly via interaction with the TGF-beta receptor ACVRL1. May bind to the 5'-GCCTGTCTTT-3' DNA sequence of the MB1 domain in the myelin basic protein (MBP) promoter; additional evidences are however required to confirm this result (By similarity).

References:

[1]. Chi-Ming Li, et al. PEG10 is a c-MYC target gene in cancer cells. Cancer Res. 2006 Jan 15;66(2):665-72. [Content Brief]

[2]. Shusuke Akamatsu, et al. The Placental Gene PEG10 Promotes Progression of Neuroendocrine Prostate Cancer. Cell Rep. 2015 Aug 11;12(6):922-36. [Content Brief]

[3]. Hiroshi Okabe, et al. Involvement of PEG10 in human hepatocellular carcinogenesis through interaction with SIAH1. Cancer Res. 2003 Jun 15;63(12):3043-8. [Content Brief]

[4]. Michael Segel, et al. Mammalian retrovirus-like protein PEG10 packages its own mRNA and can be pseudotyped for mRNA delivery. Science. 2021 Aug 20;373(6557):882-889. [Content Brief]

[5]. Yun-Peng Peng, et al. PEG10 overexpression induced by E2F-1 promotes cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in pancreatic cancer. J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 2017 Feb 13;36(1):30. [Content Brief]

[6]. Yuhei Yahiro, et al. PEG10 counteracts signaling pathways of TGF-β and BMP to regulate growth, motility and invasion of SW1353 chondrosarcoma cells. J Bone Miner Metab. 2019 May;37(3):441-454. [Content Brief]

[7]. Andreas Lux, et al. Human retroviral gag- and gag-pol-like proteins interact with the transforming growth factor-beta receptor activin receptor-like kinase 1. J Biol Chem. 2005 Mar 4;280(9):8482-93. [Content Brief]

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