Ribonuclease 3

Definition:

Ribonuclease III double-stranded (ds) RNA-specific endoribonuclease that is involved in the initial step of microRNA (miRNA) biogenesis. Component of the microprocessor complex that is required to process primary miRNA transcripts (pri-miRNAs) to release precursor miRNA (pre-miRNA) in the nucleus. Within the microprocessor complex, DROSHA cleaves the 3' and 5' strands of a stem-loop in pri-miRNAs (processing center 11 bp from the dsRNA-ssRNA junction) to release hairpin-shaped pre-miRNAs that are subsequently cut by the cytoplasmic DICER to generate mature miRNAs. Involved also in pre-rRNA processing. Cleaves double-strand RNA and does not cleave single-strand RNA. Involved in the formation of GW bodies.

References:

[1]. S Chul Kwon, et al. Structure of Human DROSHA. Cell. 2016 Jan 14;164(1-2):81-90. [Content Brief]

[2]. Tuan Anh Nguyen, et al. Functional Anatomy of the Human Microprocessor. Cell. 2015 Jun 4;161(6):1374-87. [Content Brief]

[3]. Michael Faller, et al. Heme is involved in microRNA processing. Nat Struct Mol Biol. 2007 Jan;14(1):23-9. [Content Brief]

[4]. Jinju Han, et al. The Drosha-DGCR8 complex in primary microRNA processing. Genes Dev. 2004 Dec 15;18(24):3016-27. [Content Brief]

[5]. Kaleb M Pauley, et al. Formation of GW bodies is a consequence of microRNA genesis. EMBO Rep. 2006 Sep;7(9):904-10. [Content Brief]

[6]. Yoontae Lee, et al. The nuclear RNase III Drosha initiates microRNA processing. Nature. 2003 Sep 25;425(6956):415-9. [Content Brief]

[7]. Richard I Gregory, et al. The Microprocessor complex mediates the genesis of microRNAs. Nature. 2004 Nov 11;432(7014):235-40. [Content Brief]

[8]. H Wu, et al. Human RNase III is a 160-kDa protein involved in preribosomal RNA processing. J Biol Chem. 2000 Nov 24;275(47):36957-65. [Content Brief]

[9]. Jinju Han, et al. Molecular basis for the recognition of primary microRNAs by the Drosha-DGCR8 complex. Cell. 2006 Jun 2;125(5):887-901. [Content Brief]

[10]. Yan Zeng, et al. Recognition and cleavage of primary microRNA precursors by the nuclear processing enzyme Drosha. EMBO J. 2005 Jan 12;24(1):138-48. [Content Brief]

[11]. Markus Landthaler, et al. The human DiGeorge syndrome critical region gene 8 and Its D. melanogaster homolog are required for miRNA biogenesis. Curr Biol. 2004 Dec 14;14(23):2162-7. [Content Brief]

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