RNA 5'-monophosphate methyltransferase

Definition:

O-methyltransferase that specifically monomethylates 5'-monophosphate of cytoplasmic histidyl tRNA (tRNA(His)), acting as a capping enzyme by protecting tRNA(His) from cleavage by DICER1. Also able, with less efficiently, to methylate the 5' monophosphate of a subset of pre-miRNAs, acting as a negative regulator of miRNA processing. The 5' monophosphate of pre-miRNAs is recognized by DICER1 and is required for pre-miRNAs processing: methylation at this position reduces the processing of pre-miRNAs by DICER1. Was also reported to mediate dimethylation of pre-miR-145; however dimethylation cannot be reproduced by another group which observes a monomethylation of pre-miR-145.

References:

[1]. Calder W Reinsborough, et al. BCDIN3D regulates tRNAHis 3' fragment processing. PLoS Genet. 2019 Jul 22;15(7):e1008273. [Content Brief]

[2]. Blerta Xhemalce, et al. Human RNA methyltransferase BCDIN3D regulates microRNA processing. Cell. 2012 Oct 12;151(2):278-88. [Content Brief]

[3]. Anna Martinez, et al. Human BCDIN3D monomethylates cytoplasmic histidine transfer RNA. Nucleic Acids Res. 2017 May 19;45(9):5423-5436. [Content Brief]

[4]. Yining Liu, et al. Crystal structure of human cytoplasmic tRNAHis-specific 5'-monomethylphosphate capping enzyme. Nucleic Acids Res. 2020 Feb 20;48(3):1572-1582. [Content Brief]

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