Sodium-coupled neutral amino acid symporter 2

Definition:

Symporter that cotransports neutral amino acids and sodium ions from the extraccellular to the intracellular side of the cell membrane. The trasnport is pH-sensitive, Li(+)-intolerant, electrogenic, driven by the Na(+) electrochemical gradient and cotransports of neutral amino acids and sodium ions with a stoichiometry of 1:1. May function in the transport of amino acids at the blood-brain barrier. May function in the transport of amino acids in the supply of maternal nutrients to the fetus through the placenta (By similarity). Maintains a key metabolic glutamine/glutamate balance underpinning retrograde signaling by dendritic release of the neurotransmitter glutamate (By similarity). Transports L-proline in differentiating osteoblasts for the efficient synthesis of proline-enriched proteins and provides proline essential for osteoblast differentiation and bone formation during bone development (By similarity).

References:

[1]. Elena Bevilacqua, et al. SNAT2 silencing prevents the osmotic induction of transport system A and hinders cell recovery from hypertonic stress. FEBS Lett. 2005 Jun 20;579(16):3376-80. [Content Brief]

[2]. T Hatanaka, et al. Primary structure, functional characteristics and tissue expression pattern of human ATA2, a subtype of amino acid transport system A. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2000 Jul 31;1467(1):1-6. [Content Brief]

[3]. Kazunari Tanaka, et al. Functional expression and adaptive regulation of Na+ -dependent neutral amino acid transporter SNAT2/ATA2 in normal human astrocytes under amino acid starved condition. Neurosci Lett. 2005 Apr 18;378(2):70-5. [Content Brief]

[4]. Francesca Gaccioli, et al. Amino acid starvation induces the SNAT2 neutral amino acid transporter by a mechanism that involves eukaryotic initiation factor 2alpha phosphorylation and cap-independent translation. J Biol Chem. 2006 Jun 30;281(26):17929-40. [Content Brief]

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