Gout: a review of nonmodifiable and modifiable risk factors

Rheum Dis Clin North Am. 2014 Nov;40(4):581-604. doi: 10.1016/j.rdc.2014.07.002.

Lindsey A MacFarlane ¹, Seoyoung C Kim ²

Affiliations

1 Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
2 Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacoeconomics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 1620 Tremont Street, Suite 3030, Boston, MA 02120, USA; Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Electronic address: skim62@partners.org.

PMID: 25437279 DOI: 10.1016/j.rdc.2014.07.002

Abstract

Gout is a common inflammatory arthritis triggered by the crystallization of uric acid within the joints. Gout affects millions worldwide and has an increasing prevalence. Recent research has been carried out to better qualify and quantify the risk factors predisposing individuals to gout. These can largely be broken into nonmodifiable risk factors, such as gender, age, race, and genetics, and modifiable risk factors, such as diet and lifestyle. Increasing knowledge of factors predisposing certain individuals to gout could potentially lead to improved preventive practices. This review summarizes the nonmodifiable and modifiable risk factors associated with development of gout.

Keywords

Diet; Genetics; Gout; Race; Risk factors; Sex.

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