2. Academic Validation
  3. Structural and Functional Analysis of the GADD34:PP1 eIF2α Phosphatase

Structural and Functional Analysis of the GADD34:PP1 eIF2α Phosphatase

  • Cell Rep. 2015 Jun 30;11(12):1885-91. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2015.05.043.
Meng S Choy 1,  Permeen Yusoff 2,  Irene C Lee 3,  Jocelyn C Newton 4,  Catherine W Goh 3,  Rebecca Page 4,  Shirish Shenolikar 5,  Wolfgang Peti 6
Affiliations

Affiliations

  • 1 Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Physiology and Biotechnology, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA.
  • 2 Signature Research Program in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore.
  • 3 Signature Research Program in Neuroscience and Behavioral Disorders, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore.
  • 4 Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA.
  • 5 Signature Research Program in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore; Signature Research Program in Neuroscience and Behavioral Disorders, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore. Electronic address: shirish.shenolikar@duke-nus.edu.sg.
  • 6 Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Physiology and Biotechnology, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA; Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA. Electronic address: wolfgang_peti@brown.edu.
PMID: 26095357 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2015.05.043
Abstract

The attenuation of protein synthesis via the phosphorylation of eIF2α is a major stress response of all eukaryotic cells. The growth-arrest- and DNA-damage-induced transcript 34 (GADD34) bound to the serine/threonine protein Phosphatase 1 (PP1) is the necessary eIF2α Phosphatase complex that returns mammalian cells to normal protein synthesis following stress. The molecular basis by which GADD34 recruits PP1 and its substrate eIF2α are not fully understood, hindering our understanding of the remarkable selectivity of the GADD34:PP1 Phosphatase for eIF2α. Here, we report detailed structural and functional analyses of the GADD34:PP1 holoenzyme and its recruitment of eIF2α. The data highlight independent interactions of PP1 and eIF2α with GADD34, demonstrating that GADD34 functions as a scaffold both in vitro and in cells. This work greatly enhances our molecular understanding of a major cellular eIF2α Phosphatase and establishes the foundation for future translational work.

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