1. Academic Validation
  2. Thyroid eye disease: a review

Thyroid eye disease: a review

  • Clin Exp Optom. 2017 Jan;100(1):20-25. doi: 10.1111/cxo.12472.
Danielle L Weiler 1 2
Affiliations

Affiliations

  • 1 Optometry Section, Southern Arizona Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Tucson, Arizona, USA.
  • 2 Southern California College of Optometry, Fullerton, California, USA.
Abstract

Thyroid eye disease is a multifactorial autoimmune disease with a spectrum of signs and symptoms. Oftentimes, the diagnosis of thyroid eye disease is straightforward, based upon history and physical examination. The purpose of this review is to assist the eye-care practitioner in staging the severity of thyroid eye disease (mild, moderate-to-severe and sight-threatening) and correlating available treatment modalities. Eye-care practitioners play an important role in the multidisciplinary team by assessing functional vision while also managing ocular health.

Keywords

Graves’ ophthalmopathy; Graves’ orbitopathy; thyroid eye disease.

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