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  2. Postprandial Metabolism is Impaired in Overweight Normoglycemic Young Adults without Family History of Diabetes

Postprandial Metabolism is Impaired in Overweight Normoglycemic Young Adults without Family History of Diabetes

  • Sci Rep. 2020 Jan 15;10(1):353. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-57257-2.
A Aneesh Kumar 1 2 Gopika Satheesh 1 Gadadharan Vijayakumar 3 Mahesh Chandran 1 Priya R Prabhu 1 Leena Simon 3 Vellappillil Raman Kutty 4 Chandrasekharan C Kartha 5 Abdul Jaleel 6
Affiliations

Affiliations

  • 1 Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India.
  • 2 Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India.
  • 3 Medical Trust Hospital and Diabetes Care Centre, Kulanada, Pathanamthitta, Kerala, India.
  • 4 Achutha Menon Centre for Health Science Studies, SCTIMST, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India.
  • 5 Society for Continuing Medical Education & Research, Kerala Institute for Medical Sciences, Thiruvananthapuram, 695029, India.
  • 6 Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India. jaleel@rgcb.res.in.
Abstract

While the risk factors for Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) are known, early predictive markers of transition from normal to a prediabetes state are unidentified. We studied the basal metabolism and metabolic response to a mixed-meal challenge in 110 healthy subjects in the age group of 18 to 40 years (Male:Female = 1:1); grouped into first degree relatives of patients with T2DM (n = 30), those with a body mass index >23 kg/m2 but <30 kg/m2 (n = 30), those with prediabetes (n = 20) and normal controls (n = 30). We performed an untargeted metabolomics analysis of plasma and related that with clinical and biochemical parameters, markers of inflammation, and Insulin sensitivity. Similar to prediabetes subjects, overweight subjects had Insulin resistance and significantly elevated levels of C-peptide, Adiponectin and glucagon and lower level of ghrelin. Metabolites such as MG(22:2(13Z, 16Z)/0:0/0:0) and LysoPC (15:0) were reduced in overweight and prediabetes subjects. Insulin sensitivity was significantly lower in men. Fasting levels of uric acid, xanthine, and glycochenodeoxycholic-3-glucuronide were elevated in men. However, both lysophospholipids and antioxidant defense metabolites were higher in women. Impaired postprandial metabolism and Insulin sensitivity in overweight normoglycemic young adults indicates a risk of developing hyperglycemia. Our results also indicate a higher risk of diabetes in young men.

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