2. Academic Validation
  3. Synthesis and screening of (E)-3-(2-benzylidenehydrazinyl)-5,6-diphenyl-1,2,4-triazine analogs as novel dual inhibitors of α-amylase and α-glucosidase

Synthesis and screening of (E)-3-(2-benzylidenehydrazinyl)-5,6-diphenyl-1,2,4-triazine analogs as novel dual inhibitors of α-amylase and α-glucosidase

  • Bioorg Chem. 2020 Aug;101:103979. doi: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.103979.
Shahbaz Shamim 1,  Khalid Mohammed Khan 2,  Nisar Ullah 3,  Sridevi Chigurupati 4,  Abdul Wadood 5,  Ashfaq Ur Rehman 5,  Muhammad Ali 1,  Uzma Salar 6,  Ahmad Alhowail 7,  Muhammad Taha 8,  Shahnaz Perveen 9
Affiliations

Affiliations

  • 1 H. E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan.
  • 2 H. E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan; Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 31441, Dammam, Saudi Arabia. Electronic address: khalid.khan@iccs.edu.
  • 3 Chemistry Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran-31261, Saudi Arabia.
  • 4 Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraidah 52571, Saudi Arabia.
  • 5 Department of Biochemistry, Shankar Campus, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Khyber Pukhtoonkhwa, Pakistan.
  • 6 Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan.
  • 7 Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia.
  • 8 Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 31441, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
  • 9 PCSIR Laboratories Complex, Karachi, Shahrah-e-Dr. Salimuzzaman Siddiqui, Karachi-75280, Pakistan.
PMID: 32544738 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.103979
Abstract

(E)-3-(2-Benzylidenehydrazinyl)-5,6-diphenyl-1,2,4-triazines analogs 1-27 were synthesized by multi-step reaction scheme and subjected to in vitro inhibitory screening against α-amylase and α-glucosidase Enzymes. Out of these twenty-seven synthetic analogs, ten compounds 14-17, 19, and 21-25 are structurally new. All compounds exhibited good to moderate inhibitory potential in terms of IC50 values ranging (IC50 = 13.02 ± 0.04-46.90 ± 0.05 µM) and (IC50 = 13.09 ± 0.08-46.44 ± 0.24 µM) in comparison to standard acarbose (IC50 = 12.94 ± 0.27 µM and 10.95 ± 0.08 µM), for α-amylase and α-glucosidase, respectively. Structure-activity relationship indicated that analogs with halogen substitution(s) were found more active as compared to compounds bearing other substituents. Kinetic studies on most active α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitors 5, 7, 9, 15, 24, and 27, suggested non-competitive and competitive types of inhibition mechanism for α-amylase and α-glucosidase, respectively. Molecular docking studies predicted the good protein-ligand interaction (PLI) profile with key interactions such as arene-arene, H-<, <-<, and <-H etc., against the corresponding targets.

Keywords

1, 2, 4-Triazine, in vitro screening; Acarbose; Kinetics; Molecular modeling; Structure-activity relationship; α-amylase inhibition; α-glucosidase inhibition.

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