2. Academic Validation
  3. Phenotype Shifting in Astrocytes Account for Benefits of Intra-Arterial Selective Cooling Infusion in Hypertensive Rats of Ischemic Stroke

Phenotype Shifting in Astrocytes Account for Benefits of Intra-Arterial Selective Cooling Infusion in Hypertensive Rats of Ischemic Stroke

  • Neurotherapeutics. 2022 Jan;19(1):386-398. doi: 10.1007/s13311-022-01186-y.
Luling Wang 1 2 3 4,  Longfei Wu 1,  Yunxia Duan 1,  Shuaili Xu 1,  Yuyao Yang 5,  Jidong Yin 4,  Ye Lang 6,  Zongen Gao 6,  Chuanjie Wu 1,  Zaigang Lv 6,  Jingfei Shi 1,  Di Wu 7 8 9,  Xunming Ji 10 11 12
Affiliations

Affiliations

  • 1 Department of Neurology and China-America Institute of Neuroscience, Xuanwu Hospital, Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
  • 2 Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypoxia Conditioning Translational Medicine, Beijing, China.
  • 3 Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Beijing, China.
  • 4 Department of Emergency, Aviation General Hospital of China Medical University & Beijing Institute of Translational Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
  • 5 Department of Emergency, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
  • 6 Department of Neurology, Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital, Shandong, China.
  • 7 Department of Neurology and China-America Institute of Neuroscience, Xuanwu Hospital, Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. seadi-wu@163.com.
  • 8 Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypoxia Conditioning Translational Medicine, Beijing, China. seadi-wu@163.com.
  • 9 Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Beijing, China. seadi-wu@163.com.
  • 10 Department of Neurology and China-America Institute of Neuroscience, Xuanwu Hospital, Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. jixm@ccmu.edu.cn.
  • 11 Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypoxia Conditioning Translational Medicine, Beijing, China. jixm@ccmu.edu.cn.
  • 12 Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Beijing, China. jixm@ccmu.edu.cn.
PMID: 35044645 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-022-01186-y
Abstract

The translational failure of neuroprotective therapies in stroke may be influenced by the mismatch of existing comorbidities between animal models and patients. Previous studies found that single-target neuroprotective agents reduced infarction in Sprague-Dawley but not in spontaneously hypertensive rats. It is of great interest to explore whether multi-target neuroprotectants and stroke models with comorbidities should be used in further translational researches. Ischemic stroke was induced in normotensive or hypertensive rats by 90- or 120-min middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and reperfusion. Intra-Arterial Selective Cooling Infusion (IA-SCI) was started at the onset of reperfusion for 30 minutes. Acute neurological deficits, infarct volumes, gene expression and markers of A1-like and A2-like astrocytes were evaluated. In further analysis, TNFα and IL-1α were administrated intracerebroventricularly, phenotype shifting of astrocytes and infarct volumes were assessed. Normobaric oxygen treatment, as a negative control, was also assessed in hypertensive rats. IA-SCI led to similar benefits in normotensive rats with 120-min MCAO and hypertensive rats with both 90-min and 120-min MCAO, including mitigated functional deficit and reduced infarct volumes. IA-SCI shifted astrocyte phenotypes partly by downregulating A1-like astrocytes and upregulating A2-like astrocytes in both RNA and protein levels. Upregulated A1-type astrocyte markers levels, induced by intracerebroventricular injection of TNFα and IL-1α, were closely related to increased infarct volumes in hypertensive rats, despite receiving IA-SCI treatment. In addition, infarct volumes and A1/A2-like genes were not affected by normobaric oxygen treatment. IA-SCI reduced infarction in both normotensive and hypertensive rats. Our results demonstrated the neuroprotective effects of IA-SCI in hypertensive rats may be related with phenotype shifting of astrocytes.

Keywords

Astrocytes; Hypertension; Hypothermia; Ischemic stroke; Neuroprotection.

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