2. Academic Validation
  3. In vitro assessment of the antioxidative, toxicological and antimicrobial properties of battery of parabens

In vitro assessment of the antioxidative, toxicological and antimicrobial properties of battery of parabens

  • Drug Chem Toxicol. 2023 Jun 19;1-10. doi: 10.1080/01480545.2023.2222928.
Stela Katavic 1,  Ilma Cehic 1,  Nejla Zukic 1,  Merjem Mirvic 1,  Muamer Dizdar 2,  Ana Gutalj 1,  Belmina Saric Medic 3,  Anesa Jerković-Mujkić 1,  Irma Mahmutović-Dizdarević 1,  Aner Mesic 1
Affiliations

Affiliations

  • 1 University of Sarajevo, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
  • 2 University of Sarajevo, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
  • 3 University of Sarajevo, Institute for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
PMID: 37334811 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2023.2222928
Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate antioxidative features using 2,2-diphenyl-1-pycrylhydrazyl free radical (DPPH•) scavenging method, bovine serum albumin (BSA)-binding properties with usage of spectrofluorimetric method, proliferative and cyto/genotoxic status by use of chromosome aberration test, and antimicrobial potential using broth microdilution method, followed by resazurin assay of benzyl-, isopropyl-, isobutyl and phenylparaben in vitro. Our results showed that all parabens had significant antiradical scavenger activity compared to p-hydroxybenzoic acid (PHBA) precursor. Higher mitotic index for benzyl-, isopropyl and isobutylparaben (250 µg/mL) in comparison with control was demonstrated. An increase in the frequency of acentric fragments in lymphocytes treated with benzylparaben and isopropylparaben (125 and 250 µg/mL), and isobutylparaben (250 µg/mL) was observed. Isobutylparaben (250 µg/mL) induced higher number of dicentric chromosomes. An increased number of minute fragments in lymphocytes exposed to benzylparaben (125 and 250 µg/mL) was found. A significant difference in the frequency of chromosome pulverization, between phenylparaben (250 µg/mL) and control, was detected. Benzylparaben (250 µg/mL) and phenylparaben (62.5 µg/mL) caused an increase in the number of apoptotic cells, while isopropylparaben (62.5, 125 and 250 µg/mL) and isobutylparaben (62.5 and 125 µg/mL) induced higher frequency of necrosis. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of tested parabens ranged 15.62-250 µg/mL for bacteria, and 125-500 µg/mL for the yeast. Minimum microbiocidal concentration ranged 31.25 to 500 µg/mL, and 250 to 1000 µg/mL in bacteria and fungi respectively. The lowest MICs for bacteria were observed for phenyl- (15.62 µg/mL) and isopropylparaben (31.25 µg/mL) against Enterococcus faecalis.

Keywords

BSA-binding; Parabens; antimicrobial activity; antioxidative capacity; human lymphocytes; in vitro; toxicity.

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