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  5. Endothelin-2 (49-69), human

Endothelin-2 (49-69), human  (Synonyms: Endothelin-2 (human, canine); Human endothelin-2)

Cat. No.: HY-P0207
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Endothelin-2 (49-69), human (Endothelin-2 (human, canine)) is a 21-amino acid vasoactive peptide that binds to G-protein-linked transmembrane receptors, ET-RA and ET-RB.

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Endothelin-2 (49-69), human Chemical Structure

Endothelin-2 (49-69), human Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 123562-20-9

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Other Forms of Endothelin-2 (49-69), human:

Endothelin-2 (49-69), human Related Antibodies

Top Publications Citing Use of Products

  • Biological Activity

  • Protocol

  • Purity & Documentation

  • References

  • Customer Review

Description

Endothelin-2 (49-69), human (Endothelin-2 (human, canine)) is a 21-amino acid vasoactive peptide that binds to G-protein-linked transmembrane receptors, ET-RA and ET-RB.

In Vitro

At nanomolar concentrations, Endothelin-2 exhibits a strong and long-lasting vasoconstrictor activity characteristic of endothelin (EC50=0.52 nM)[1].
Endothelin-2 is a chemoattractant for macrophages and THP-1 monocytic cells, but not for freshly isolated monocytes. The chemotactic response to Endothelin-2 shows a typical bell-shaped response curve. Experiments with endothelin receptor antagonists shows that migration to Endothelin-2 is mediated via the ET-RB receptor. Endothelin-2 expression by tumors may modulate the behavior of macrophages such that activated cells accumulate in areas of hypoxia[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Endothelin-2 (49-69), human Related Antibodies
In Vivo

Two distinct phases of pressor effects are typically seen in response to Endothelin-2: the early phase immediately follows the depressor response and dominates during the next 3-10 min, whereas the late pressor effect develops 10-20 min after the injection and lasts >1 hr[1].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Molecular Weight

2546.92

Formula

C115H160N26O32S4
CAS No.
Sequence

Cys-Ser-Cys-Ser-Ser-Trp-Leu-Asp-Lys-Glu-Cys-Val-Tyr-Phe-Cys-His-Leu-Asp-Ile-Ile-Trp (Disulfide bridge: Cys1-Cys15, Cys3-Cys11)
Sequence Shortening

CSCSSWLDKECVYFCHLDIIW (Disulfide bridge: Cys1-Cys15, Cys3-Cys11)
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Storage

Please store the product under the recommended conditions in the Certificate of Analysis.
Solvent & Solubility
In Vitro: 

H2O

Peptide Solubility and Storage Guidelines:

1.  Calculate the length of the peptide.

2.  Calculate the overall charge of the entire peptide according to the following table:

  Contents Assign value
Acidic amino acid Asp (D), Glu (E), and the C-terminal -COOH. -1
Basic amino acid Arg (R), Lys (K), His (H), and the N-terminal -NH2 +1
Neutral amino acid Gly (G), Ala (A), Leu (L), Ile (I), Val (V), Cys (C), Met (M), Thr (T), Ser (S), Phe (F), Tyr (Y), Trp (W), Pro (P), Asn (N), Gln (Q) 0

3.  Recommended solution:

Overall charge of peptide Details
Negative (<0) 1.  Try to dissolve the peptide in water first.
2.  If water fails, add NH4OH (<50 μL).
3.  If the peptide still does not dissolve, add DMSO (50-100 μL) to solubilize the peptide.
Positive (>0) 1.  Try to dissolve the peptide in water first.
2.  If water fails, try dissolving the peptide in a 10%-30% acetic acid solution.
3.  If the peptide still does not dissolve, try dissolving the peptide in a small amount of DMSO.
Zero (=0) 1.  Try to dissolve the peptide in organic solvent (acetonitrile, methanol, etc.) first.
2.  For very hydrophobic peptides, try dissolving the peptide in a small amount of DMSO, and then dilute the solution with water to the desired concentration.
Purity & Documentation
References
Animal Administration
[1]

Rats[1]

For the assay of pressor activity, male Wistar rats weighing 300-350 g are anesthetized with urethane (1 g/kg i.p.) and pretreated with atropine (0.25 mg/kg i.v.), propranolol (1 mg/kg i.v.), and bunazocine (1 mg/kg i.v.). Additional maintenance doses (one-half of the initial doses) of the autonomic blockades are administered every 3-4 hr. Each animal is given only one bolus of Endothelin-2. 1 nM of Endothelin-2 in 50 μL of buffer is bolus injected from a cannula inserted in the right femoral vein. The blood pressure is recorded from a cannula, which is placed in the right carotid artery and connected to a pressure transducer[1].

MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
References
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Endothelin-2 (49-69), human Related Classifications

  • Molarity Calculator

  • Dilution Calculator

The molarity calculator equation

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass   Concentration   Volume   Molecular Weight *
= × ×

The dilution calculator equation

Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
× = ×
C1   V1   C2   V2
Help & FAQs
  • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

    Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

Keywords:

Endothelin-2 (49-69), human123562-20-9Endothelin-2 (human, canine) Human endothelin-2Human endothelin2Human endothelin 2Human endothelin-2Others21-aminoacidvasoactivepeptideG-protein-linkedtransmembraneET-RAET-RBInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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