Actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 4

Definition:

Actin-binding component of the Arp2/3 complex, a multiprotein complex that mediates actin polymerization upon stimulation by nucleation-promoting factor (NPF). The Arp2/3 complex mediates the formation of branched actin networks in the cytoplasm, providing the force for cell motility. In addition to its role in the cytoplasmic cytoskeleton, the Arp2/3 complex also promotes actin polymerization in the nucleus, thereby regulating gene transcription and repair of damaged DNA. The Arp2/3 complex promotes homologous recombination (HR) repair in response to DNA damage by promoting nuclear actin polymerization, leading to drive motility of double-strand breaks (DSBs).

References:

[1]. Benjamin R Schrank, et al. Nuclear ARP2/3 drives DNA break clustering for homology-directed repair. Nature. 2018 Jul;559(7712):61-66. [Content Brief]

[2]. M D Welch, et al. The human Arp2/3 complex is composed of evolutionarily conserved subunits and is localized to cellular regions of dynamic actin filament assembly. J Cell Biol. 1997 Jul 28;138(2):375-84. [Content Brief]

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