Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member A1

Definition:

Catalyzes the NADPH-dependent reduction of a wide variety of carbonyl-containing compounds to their corresponding alcohols. Displays enzymatic activity towards endogenous metabolites such as aromatic and aliphatic aldehydes, ketones, monosaccharides and bile acids, with a preference for negatively charged substrates, such as glucuronate and succinic semialdehyde. Functions as a detoxifiying enzyme by reducing a range of toxic aldehydes. Reduces methylglyoxal and 3-deoxyglucosone, which are present at elevated levels under hyperglycemic conditions and are cytotoxic. Involved also in the detoxification of lipid-derived aldehydes like acrolein (By similarity). Plays a role in the activation of procarcinogens, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon trans-dihydrodiols, and in the metabolism of various xenobiotics and drugs, including the anthracyclines doxorubicin (DOX) and daunorubicin (DAUN). Displays no reductase activity towards retinoids (By similarity).

References:

[1]. Onkar S Bains, et al. Two allelic variants of aldo-keto reductase 1A1 exhibit reduced in vitro metabolism of daunorubicin. Drug Metab Dispos. 2008 May;36(5):904-10. [Content Brief]

[2]. N T Palackal, et al. Metabolic activation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon trans-dihydrodiols by ubiquitously expressed aldehyde reductase (AKR1A1). Chem Biol Interact. 2001 Jan 30;130-132(1-3):815-24. [Content Brief]

[3]. T O'connor, et al. Major differences exist in the function and tissue-specific expression of human aflatoxin B1 aldehyde reductase and the principal human aldo-keto reductase AKR1 family members. Biochem J. 1999 Oct 15;343 Pt 2(Pt 2):487-504. [Content Brief]

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