Apoptosis regulator BAX

Definition:

Plays a role in the mitochondrial apoptotic process. Under normal conditions, BAX is largely cytosolic via constant retrotranslocation from mitochondria to the cytosol mediated by BCL2L1/Bcl-xL, which avoids accumulation of toxic BAX levels at the mitochondrial outer membrane (MOM). Under stress conditions, undergoes a conformation change that causes translocation to the mitochondrion membrane, leading to the release of cytochrome c that then triggers apoptosis. Promotes activation of CASP3, and thereby apoptosis.

References:

[1]. Bo Wei, et al. Tom70 mediates Sendai virus-induced apoptosis on mitochondria. J Virol. 2015 Apr;89(7):3804-18. [Content Brief]

[2]. Kuan Onn Tan, et al. MAP-1 is a mitochondrial effector of Bax. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2005 Oct 11;102(41):14623-8. [Content Brief]

[3]. Honglai Zhang, et al. Clusterin inhibits apoptosis by interacting with activated Bax. Nat Cell Biol. 2005 Sep;7(9):909-15. [Content Brief]

[4]. Frank Edlich, et al. Bcl-x(L) retrotranslocates Bax from the mitochondria into the cytosol. Cell. 2011 Apr 1;145(1):104-16. [Content Brief]

[5]. Evripidis Gavathiotis, et al. BAX activation is initiated at a novel interaction site. Nature. 2008 Oct 23;455(7216):1076-81. [Content Brief]

[6]. E Schmitt, et al. Characterization of Bax-sigma, a cell death-inducing isoform of Bax. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2000 Apr 21;270(3):868-79. [Content Brief]

[7]. Z N Oltvai, et al. Bcl-2 heterodimerizes in vivo with a conserved homolog, Bax, that accelerates programmed cell death. Cell. 1993 Aug 27;74(4):609-19. [Content Brief]

[8]. T Chittenden, et al. A conserved domain in Bak, distinct from BH1 and BH2, mediates cell death and protein binding functions. EMBO J. 1995 Nov 15;14(22):5589-96. [Content Brief]

[9]. Peter E Czabotar, et al. Mutation to Bax beyond the BH3 domain disrupts interactions with pro-survival proteins and promotes apoptosis. J Biol Chem. 2011 Mar 4;286(9):7123-31. [Content Brief]

[10]. K O Tan, et al. MAP-1, a novel proapoptotic protein containing a BH3-like motif that associates with Bax through its Bcl-2 homology domains. J Biol Chem. 2001 Jan 26;276(4):2802-7. [Content Brief]

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