Aprataxin and PNK-like factor

Definition:

Histone chaperone involved in single-strand and double-strand DNA break repair. Recruited to sites of DNA damage through interaction with branched poly-ADP-ribose chains, a polymeric post-translational modification synthesized transiently at sites of chromosomal damage to accelerate DNA strand break repair reactions. Following recruitment to DNA damage sites, acts as a histone chaperone that mediates histone eviction during DNA repair and promotes recruitment of histone variant MACROH2A1. Also has a nuclease activity: displays apurinic-apyrimidinic (AP) endonuclease and 3'-5' exonuclease activities in vitro. Also able to introduce nicks at hydroxyuracil and other types of pyrimidine base damage. Together with PARP3, promotes the retention of the LIG4-XRCC4 complex on chromatin and accelerate DNA ligation during non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ). Also acts as a negative regulator of cell pluripotency by promoting histone exchange (By similarity). Required for the embryo implantation during the epithelial to mesenchymal transition in females (By similarity).

References:

[1]. Pawan Vinod Mehrotra, et al. DNA repair factor APLF is a histone chaperone. Mol Cell. 2011 Jan 7;41(1):46-55. [Content Brief]

[2]. Qian Chen, et al. PARP2 mediates branched poly ADP-ribosylation in response to DNA damage. Nat Commun. 2018 Aug 13;9(1):3233. [Content Brief]

[3]. Stuart L Rulten, et al. PARP-3 and APLF function together to accelerate nonhomologous end-joining. Mol Cell. 2011 Jan 7;41(1):33-45. [Content Brief]

[4]. Natasha Iles, et al. APLF (C2orf13) is a novel human protein involved in the cellular response to chromosomal DNA strand breaks. Mol Cell Biol. 2007 May;27(10):3793-803. [Content Brief]

[5]. Shin-ichiro Kanno, et al. A novel human AP endonuclease with conserved zinc-finger-like motifs involved in DNA strand break responses. EMBO J. 2007 Apr 18;26(8):2094-103. [Content Brief]

[6]. Ivan Corbeski, et al. DNA repair factor APLF acts as a H2A-H2B histone chaperone through binding its DNA interaction surface. Nucleic Acids Res. 2018 Aug 21;46(14):7138-7152. [Content Brief]

[7]. Purnata Shirodkar, et al. Identification and functional characterization of a Ku-binding motif in aprataxin polynucleotide kinase/phosphatase-like factor (APLF). J Biol Chem. 2013 Jul 5;288(27):19604-13. [Content Brief]

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