Autoimmune hepatitis

Definition:

Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a chronic inflammatory liver disorder with an etiology that remains unclear. The pathogenesis may be a result of alterations in immune tolerance, a genetic predisposition and environmental conditions, which in collaboration induce a T-cell-mediated attack on liver antigens, leading to necro-inflammation and liver damage. AIH has marked female predilection. AIH can present at all ages, but the two peak ages of incidence are in childhood or adolescence and at around 40 years of age. Trademark biochemical/serological characteristics of AIH are elevated aminotransferase levels, positivity for autoantibodies and increased IgG. A histological picture of interface hepatitis is typical of AIH. The value of immunosuppressive therapy with glucocorticoids, alone or in combination with azathioprine, was well documented in numerous studies of AIH.

References:

[1]. Jordan J Feld, et al. Autoimmune hepatitis: effect of symptoms and cirrhosis on natural history and outcome. Hepatology. 2005 Jul;42(1):53-62. [Content Brief]

[2]. Rodrigo Liberal, et al. Cirrhosis and autoimmune liver disease: Current understanding. World J Hepatol. 2016 Oct 8;8(28):1157-1168. [Content Brief]

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