Chromaffin granule amine transporter

Definition:

[Isoform 1]: Electrogenic antiporter that exchanges one cationic monoamine with two intravesicular protons across the membrane of secretory and synaptic vesicles. Uses the electrochemical proton gradient established by the V-type proton-pump ATPase to accumulate high concentrations of monoamines inside the vesicles prior to their release via exocytosis. Transports catecholamines and indolamines with higher affinity for serotonin. Regulates the transvesicular monoaminergic gradient that determines the quantal size. Mediates presynaptic monoaminergic vesicle transport in the amygdala and prefrontal brain regions related with emotion processing in response to environmental stimuli.; [Isoform 2]: Unable to uptake serotonin.

References:

[1]. F W Lohoff, et al. Functional genetic variants in the vesicular monoamine transporter 1 modulate emotion processing. Mol Psychiatry. 2014 Jan;19(1):129-39. [Content Brief]

[2]. M Essand, et al. Identification and characterization of a novel splicing variant of vesicular monoamine transporter 1. J Mol Endocrinol. 2005 Dec;35(3):489-501. [Content Brief]

[3]. J D Erickson, et al. Distinct pharmacological properties and distribution in neurons and endocrine cells of two isoforms of the human vesicular monoamine transporter. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996 May 14;93(10):5166-71. [Content Brief]

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