Endogenous retrovirus group 3 member 1 Env polyprotein

Definition:

Retroviral envelope proteins mediate receptor recognition and membrane fusion during early infection. Endogenous envelope proteins may have kept, lost or modified their original function during evolution. This endogenous envelope protein has lost its fusogenic properties. It can inhibit cell growth through decrease expression of cyclin B1 and increased expression of p21 in vitro.; SU mediates receptor recognition.; TM anchors the envelope heterodimer to the viral membrane through one transmembrane domain. The other hydrophobic domain, called fusion peptide, mediates fusion of the viral membrane with the target cell membrane (By similarity).

References:

[1]. P J Venables, et al. Abundance of an endogenous retroviral envelope protein in placental trophoblasts suggests a biological function. Virology. 1995 Aug 20;211(2):589-92. [Content Brief]

[2]. L Lin, et al. The cellular mechanism by which the human endogenous retrovirus ERV-3 env gene affects proliferation and differentiation in a human placental trophoblast model, BeWo. Placenta. 2000 Jan;21(1):73-8. [Content Brief]

[3]. Sandra Blaise, et al. Genomewide screening for fusogenic human endogenous retrovirus envelopes identifies syncytin 2, a gene conserved on primate evolution. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 Oct 28;100(22):13013-8. [Content Brief]

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