Ephrin-B2

Definition:

Cell surface transmembrane ligand for Eph receptors, a family of receptor tyrosine kinases which are crucial for migration, repulsion and adhesion during neuronal, vascular and epithelial development. Binds promiscuously Eph receptors residing on adjacent cells, leading to contact-dependent bidirectional signaling into neighboring cells. The signaling pathway downstream of the receptor is referred to as forward signaling while the signaling pathway downstream of the ephrin ligand is referred to as reverse signaling. Binds to receptor tyrosine kinase including EPHA4, EPHA3 and EPHB4. Together with EPHB4 plays a central role in heart morphogenesis and angiogenesis through regulation of cell adhesion and cell migration. EPHB4-mediated forward signaling controls cellular repulsion and segregation from EFNB2-expressing cells. May play a role in constraining the orientation of longitudinally projecting axons.; (Microbial infection) Acts as a receptor for Hendra virus and Nipah virus.

References:

[1]. Oscar A Negrete, et al. EphrinB2 is the entry receptor for Nipah virus, an emergent deadly paramyxovirus. Nature. 2005 Jul 21;436(7049):401-5. [Content Brief]

[2]. Oscar A Negrete, et al. Two key residues in ephrinB3 are critical for its use as an alternative receptor for Nipah virus. PLoS Pathog. 2006 Feb;2(2):e7. [Content Brief]

[3]. Kimberly A Bishop, et al. Identification of Hendra virus G glycoprotein residues that are critical for receptor binding. J Virol. 2007 Jun;81(11):5893-901. [Content Brief]

[4]. Matthew I Bonaparte, et al. Ephrin-B2 ligand is a functional receptor for Hendra virus and Nipah virus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2005 Jul 26;102(30):10652-7. [Content Brief]

[5]. Tim Füller, et al. Forward EphB4 signaling in endothelial cells controls cellular repulsion and segregation from ephrinB2 positive cells. J Cell Sci. 2003 Jun 15;116(Pt 12):2461-70. [Content Brief]

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