Phospholipid phosphatase 1

Definition:

Magnesium-independent phospholipid phosphatase of the plasma membrane that catalyzes the dephosphorylation of a variety of glycerolipid and sphingolipid phosphate esters including phosphatidate/PA, lysophosphatidate/LPA, diacylglycerol pyrophosphate/DGPP, sphingosine 1-phosphate/S1P and ceramide 1-phosphate/C1P. Also acts on N-oleoyl ethanolamine phosphate/N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-ethanolamine phosphate, a potential physiological compound. Through its extracellular phosphatase activity allows both the hydrolysis and the cellular uptake of these bioactive lipid mediators from the milieu, regulating signal transduction in different cellular processes. It is for instance essential for the extracellular hydrolysis of S1P and subsequent conversion into intracellular S1P. Involved in the regulation of inflammation, platelets activation, cell proliferation and migration among other processes. May also have an intracellular activity to regulate phospholipid-mediated signaling pathways (By similarity).

References:

[1]. S B Hooks, et al. Identification of a novel human phosphatidic acid phosphatase type 2 isoform. FEBS Lett. 1998 May 8;427(2):188-92. [Content Brief]

[2]. M Kai, et al. Cloning and characterization of two human isozymes of Mg2+-independent phosphatidic acid phosphatase. J Biol Chem. 1997 Sep 26;272(39):24572-8. [Content Brief]

[3]. R Z Roberts, et al. Role of phosphatidic acid phosphatase 2a in uptake of extracellular lipid phosphate mediators. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2000 Aug 24;1487(1):33-49. [Content Brief]

[4]. Yutong Zhao, et al. Intracellular generation of sphingosine 1-phosphate in human lung endothelial cells: role of lipid phosphate phosphatase-1 and sphingosine kinase 1. J Biol Chem. 2007 May 11;282(19):14165-77. [Content Brief]

[5]. R Roberts, et al. Human type 2 phosphatidic acid phosphohydrolases. Substrate specificity of the type 2a, 2b, and 2c enzymes and cell surface activity of the 2a isoform. J Biol Chem. 1998 Aug 21;273(34):22059-67. [Content Brief]

[6]. Yutong Zhao, et al. Lipid phosphate phosphatase-1 regulates lysophosphatidic acid-induced calcium release, NF-kappaB activation and interleukin-8 secretion in human bronchial epithelial cells. Biochem J. 2005 Jan 15;385(Pt 2):493-502. [Content Brief]

[7]. Susan S Smyth, et al. Lipid phosphate phosphatases regulate lysophosphatidic acid production and signaling in platelets: studies using chemical inhibitors of lipid phosphate phosphatase activity. J Biol Chem. 2003 Oct 31;278(44):43214-23. [Content Brief]

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