Proliferation marker protein Ki-67

Definition:

Required to maintain individual mitotic chromosomes dispersed in the cytoplasm following nuclear envelope disassembly. Associates with the surface of the mitotic chromosome, the perichromosomal layer, and covers a substantial fraction of the chromosome surface. Prevents chromosomes from collapsing into a single chromatin mass by forming a steric and electrostatic charge barrier: the protein has a high net electrical charge and acts as a surfactant, dispersing chromosomes and enabling independent chromosome motility. Binds DNA, with a preference for supercoiled DNA and AT-rich DNA. Does not contribute to the internal structure of mitotic chromosomes (By similarity). May play a role in chromatin organization. It is however unclear whether it plays a direct role in chromatin organization or whether it is an indirect consequence of its function in maintaining mitotic chromosomes dispersed (Probable).

References:

[1]. D E MacCallum, et al. The biochemical characterization of the DNA binding activity of pKi67. J Pathol. 2000 Jul;191(3):286-98. [Content Brief]

[2]. Sara Cuylen, et al. Ki-67 acts as a biological surfactant to disperse mitotic chromosomes. Nature. 2016 Jul 14;535(7611):308-12. [Content Brief]

[3]. Daniel G Booth, et al. Ki-67 is a PP1-interacting protein that organises the mitotic chromosome periphery. Elife. 2014 May 27;3:e01641. [Content Brief]

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