Restless legs syndrome

Definition:

The restless legs syndrome (RLS), also known as Willis Ekbom disease is a neurologic disorder characterized by unpleasant sensations in the legs accompanied by an urge to move them (akathisia). These symptoms occur predominantly at rest and worsen at night, resulting in nocturnal insomnia and chronic sleep deprivation. The prevalence of RLS increases with age and appears to be higher among women than among men. RLS has a high familial aggregation. To date, several loci and genetic risk factors have been identified, but no causative gene mutation has been found. Standard medications for RLS are dopamine agonists and CACN alpha-2 delta blocker. A high prevalence of iron deficiency has been found among patients with RLS. It has been reported that treatment with oral iron supplements resulted in improvements in the severity of the symptoms in patients with a low serum ferritin level.

References:

[1]. Anne Weissbach, et al. Exome sequencing in a family with restless legs syndrome. Mov Disord. 2012 Nov;27(13):1686-9. [Content Brief]

[2]. Christopher J Earley, et al. Clinical practice. Restless legs syndrome. N Engl J Med. 2003 May 22;348(21):2103-9. [Content Brief]

[3]. Luigi Ferini-Strambi, et al. Clinical pharmacology and efficacy of rotigotine (Neupro® patch) in the treatment of restless leg syndrome. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol. 2016 Aug;12(8):967-75. [Content Brief]

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