Reticulophagy regulator 1

Definition:

Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-anchored autophagy regulator which mediates ER delivery into lysosomes through sequestration into autophagosomes. Promotes membrane remodeling and ER scission via its membrane bending capacity and targets the fragments into autophagosomes via interaction with ATG8 family proteins. Active under basal conditions. Required for collagen quality control in a LIR motif-dependent manner (By similarity). Required for long-term survival of nociceptive and autonomic ganglion neurons.; (Microbial infection) During SARS-CoV-2 infection, RETREG1-mediated reticulophagy is promoted by SARS-CoV-2 ORF3A protein. This induces endoplasmic reticulum stress and inflammatory responses and facilitates viral infection.

References:

[1]. Aliaksandr Khaminets, et al. Regulation of endoplasmic reticulum turnover by selective autophagy. Nature. 2015 Jun 18;522(7556):354-8. [Content Brief]

[2]. Xiao Jiang, et al. FAM134B oligomerization drives endoplasmic reticulum membrane scission for ER-phagy. EMBO J. 2020 Mar 2;39(5):e102608. [Content Brief]

[3]. Alessio Reggio, et al. Role of FAM134 paralogues in endoplasmic reticulum remodeling, ER-phagy, and Collagen quality control. EMBO Rep. 2021 Sep 6;22(9):e52289. [Content Brief]

[4]. Ingo Kurth, et al. Mutations in FAM134B, encoding a newly identified Golgi protein, cause severe sensory and autonomic neuropathy. Nat Genet. 2009 Nov;41(11):1179-81. [Content Brief]

[5]. Xiaolin Zhang, et al. SARS-CoV-2 ORF3a induces RETREG1/FAM134B-dependent reticulophagy and triggers sequential ER stress and inflammatory responses during SARS-CoV-2 infection. Autophagy. 2022 Nov;18(11):2576-2592. [Content Brief]

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