Thioredoxin

Definition:

Participates in various redox reactions through the reversible oxidation of its active center dithiol to a disulfide and catalyzes dithiol-disulfide exchange reactions. Plays a role in the reversible S-nitrosylation of cysteine residues in target proteins, and thereby contributes to the response to intracellular nitric oxide. Nitrosylates the active site Cys of CASP3 in response to nitric oxide (NO), and thereby inhibits caspase-3 activity. Induces the FOS/JUN AP-1 DNA-binding activity in ionizing radiation (IR) cells through its oxidation/reduction status and stimulates AP-1 transcriptional activity.; ADF augments the expression of the interleukin-2 receptor TAC (IL2R/P55).

References:

[1]. J P Jacquot, et al. Human thioredoxin reactivity-structure/function relationship. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1990 Dec 31;173(3):1375-81. [Content Brief]

[2]. Douglas A Mitchell, et al. Thioredoxin catalyzes the S-nitrosation of the caspase-3 active site cysteine. Nat Chem Biol. 2005 Aug;1(3):154-8. [Content Brief]

[3]. A G Glaser, et al. Auto- and cross-reactivity to thioredoxin allergens in allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis. Allergy. 2008 Dec;63(12):1617-23. [Content Brief]

[4]. K Hirota, et al. AP-1 transcriptional activity is regulated by a direct association between thioredoxin and Ref-1. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1997 Apr 15;94(8):3633-8. [Content Brief]

[5]. Douglas A Mitchell, et al. Thioredoxin is required for S-nitrosation of procaspase-3 and the inhibition of apoptosis in Jurkat cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 Jul 10;104(28):11609-14. [Content Brief]

[6]. Andreas Limacher, et al. Cross-reactivity and 1.4-A crystal structure of Malassezia sympodialis thioredoxin (Mala s 13), a member of a new pan-allergen family. J Immunol. 2007 Jan 1;178(1):389-96. [Content Brief]

[7]. S J Wei, et al. Thioredoxin nuclear translocation and interaction with redox factor-1 activates the activator protein-1 transcription factor in response to ionizing radiation. Cancer Res. 2000 Dec 1;60(23):6688-95. [Content Brief]

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