Unconventional myosin-X

Definition:

Myosins are actin-based motor molecules with ATPase activity. Unconventional myosins serve in intracellular movements. MYO10 binds to actin filaments and actin bundles and functions as a plus end-directed motor. Moves with higher velocity and takes larger steps on actin bundles than on single actin filaments. The tail domain binds to membranous compartments containing phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate or integrins, and mediates cargo transport along actin filaments. Regulates cell shape, cell spreading and cell adhesion. Stimulates the formation and elongation of filopodia. In hippocampal neurons it induces the formation of dendritic filopodia by trafficking the actin-remodeling protein VASP to the tips of filopodia, where it promotes actin elongation. Plays a role in formation of the podosome belt in osteoclasts.; [Isoform Headless]: Functions as a dominant-negative regulator of isoform 1, suppressing its filopodia-inducing and axon outgrowth-promoting activities. In hippocampal neurons, it increases VASP retention in spine heads to induce spine formation and spine head expansion (By similarity).

References:

[1]. Virginie Ropars, et al. The myosin X motor is optimized for movement on actin bundles. Nat Commun. 2016 Sep 1;7:12456. [Content Brief]

[2]. Aparna B Bohil, et al. Myosin-X is a molecular motor that functions in filopodia formation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 Aug 15;103(33):12411-6. [Content Brief]

[3]. Richard D Bennett, et al. Interaction with the IQ3 motif of myosin-10 is required for calmodulin-like protein-dependent filopodial extension. FEBS Lett. 2008 Jul 9;582(16):2377-81. [Content Brief]

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