Mutations in the transmembrane natriuretic peptide receptor NPR-B impair skeletal growth and cause acromesomelic dysplasia, type Maroteaux

Am J Hum Genet. 2004 Jul;75(1):27-34. doi: 10.1086/422013.

Cynthia F Bartels ¹, Hulya Bükülmez, Pius Padayatti, David K Rhee, Conny van Ravenswaaij-Arts, Richard M Pauli, Stefan Mundlos, David Chitayat, Ling-Yu Shih, Lihadh I Al-Gazali, Sarina Kant, Trevor Cole, Jenny Morton, Valérie Cormier-Daire, Laurence Faivre, Melissa Lees, Jeremy Kirk, Geert R Mortier, Jules Leroy, Bernhard Zabel, Chong Ae Kim, Yanick Crow, Nancy E Braverman, Focco van den Akker, Matthew L Warman

Affiliations

Affiliation

1 Department of Genetics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.

PMID: 15146390 DOI: 10.1086/422013

Abstract

The homodimeric transmembrane receptor natriuretic peptide receptor B (NPR-B [also known as Guanylate Cyclase B, GC-B, and GUC2B]; gene name NPR2) produces cytoplasmic cyclic GMP from GTP on binding its extracellular ligand, C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP). CNP has previously been implicated in the regulation of skeletal growth in transgenic and knockout mice. The autosomal recessive skeletal dysplasia known as "acromesomelic dysplasia, type Maroteaux" (AMDM) maps to an interval that contains NPR2. We sequenced DNA from 21 families affected by AMDM and found 4 nonsense mutations, 4 frameshift mutations, 2 splice-site mutations, and 11 missense mutations. Molecular modeling was used to examine the putative protein change brought about by each missense mutation. Three missense mutations were tested in a functional assay and were found to have markedly deficient guanylyl cyclase activity. We also found that obligate carriers of NPR2 mutations have heights that are below the mean for matched controls. We conclude that, although NPR-B is expressed in a number of tissues, its major role is in the regulation of skeletal growth.

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