Antiserotonergic properties of terguride in blood vessels, platelets, and valvular interstitial cells

Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT) is involved in heart valve tissue fibrosis, pulmonary arterial fibrosis, and pulmonary hypertension. We aimed at characterizing the antiserotonergic properties of the ergot alkaloid derivative terguride [1,1-diethyl-3-(6-methyl-8α-ergolinyl)urea] by using functional receptor assays and valvular interstitial Cell Culture. Terguride showed no vasoconstrictor effect in porcine coronary arteries (5-HT(2A) receptor bioassay) and no relaxant effect in porcine pulmonary arteries (5-HT(2B) receptor bioassay). Terguride behaved as a potent antagonist at 5-HT(2A) receptors (noncompetitive antagonist parameter pD'₂ 9.43) and 5-HT(2B) receptors (apparent pA₂ 8.87). Metabolites of terguride (N″-monodeethylterguride and 6-norterguride) lacked agonism at both sites. N″-monodeethylterguride and 6-norterguride were surmountable antagonists at 5-HT(2A) receptors (pA₂ 7.82 and 7.85, respectively) and 5-HT(2B) receptors (pA₂ 7.30 and 7.11, respectively). Kinetic studies on the effects of terguride in pulmonary arteries showed that the rate to reach drug-receptor equilibrium for terguride was fast. Washout experiments showed that terguride easily disappeared from the receptor biophase. Pretreatment with terguride inhibited 5-HT-induced amplification of ADP-stimulated human platelet aggregation (IC₅₀ 16 nM). In porcine valvular interstitial cells, 5-HT-induced activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2, an initiator of cellular proliferation and activity, was blocked by terguride as shown by Western blotting. In these cells, the stimulatory effect of 5-HT on [³H]proline incorporation (index of extracellular matrix collagen) was blocked by terguride. Because of the inhibition of both 5-HT(2A) and 5-HT(2B) receptors, platelet aggregation, and cellular proliferation and activity (ERK1/2 phosphorylation and collagen production) terguride may have therapeutic potential in the treatment of fibrotic disorders.