Glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis and osteonecrosis

Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 2012 Sep;41(3):595-611. doi: 10.1016/j.ecl.2012.04.004.

Robert S Weinstein ¹

Affiliations

Affiliation

1 Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Center for Osteoporosis and Metabolic Bone Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, and Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System at the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 West Markham Street, Slot 587, Little Rock, AR 72205-7199, USA. weinsteinroberts@uams.edu

PMID: 22877431 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecl.2012.04.004

Abstract

Glucocorticoid administration is the most common cause of secondary osteoporosis and the leading cause of nontraumatic osteonecrosis. In patients receiving long-term therapy, glucocorticoids induce fractures in 30% to 50% and osteonecrosis in 9% to 40%. This article reviews glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis and osteonecrosis, addressing the risk factors, pathogenesis, evaluation, treatment, and uncertainties in the clinical management of these disorders.

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