2. Academic Validation
  3. Metabolites of Siamenoside I and Their Distributions in Rats

Metabolites of Siamenoside I and Their Distributions in Rats

  • Molecules. 2016 Jan 30;21(2):176. doi: 10.3390/molecules21020176.
Xue-Rong Yang 1,  Feng Xu 2,  Dian-Peng Li 3,  Feng-Lai Lu 4,  Guang-Xue Liu 5,  Lei Wang 6,  Ming-Ying Shang 7,  Yong-Lin Huang 8,  Shao-Qing Cai 9
Affiliations

Affiliations

  • 1 Guangxi Key Laboratory of Functional Phytochemicals Research and Utilization, Guangxi Institute of Botany, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 85, Yanshan Road, Yanshan District, Guilin 541006, China. yxrxl@sina.cn.
  • 2 State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, No. 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China. xufeng_pharm@163.com.
  • 3 Guangxi Key Laboratory of Functional Phytochemicals Research and Utilization, Guangxi Institute of Botany, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 85, Yanshan Road, Yanshan District, Guilin 541006, China. ldp@gxib.cn.
  • 4 Guangxi Key Laboratory of Functional Phytochemicals Research and Utilization, Guangxi Institute of Botany, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 85, Yanshan Road, Yanshan District, Guilin 541006, China. lufenglai@126.com.
  • 5 State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, No. 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China. guangxl@bjmu.edu.cn.
  • 6 Guangxi Key Laboratory of Functional Phytochemicals Research and Utilization, Guangxi Institute of Botany, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 85, Yanshan Road, Yanshan District, Guilin 541006, China. ww8304@126.com.
  • 7 State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, No. 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China. myshang@bjmu.edu.cn.
  • 8 Guangxi Key Laboratory of Functional Phytochemicals Research and Utilization, Guangxi Institute of Botany, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 85, Yanshan Road, Yanshan District, Guilin 541006, China. hyl@gxib.cn.
  • 9 State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, No. 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China. sqcai@bjmu.edu.cn.
PMID: 26840289 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21020176
Abstract

Siamenoside I is the sweetest mogroside that has several kinds of bioactivities, and it is also a constituent of Siraitiae Fructus, a fruit and herb in China. Hitherto the metabolism of siamenoside I in human or Animals remains unclear. To reveal its metabolic pathways, a high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-ion trap-time of flight-multistage mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-IT-TOF-MS(n)) method was used to profile and identify its metabolites in rats. Altogether, 86 new metabolites were identified or tentatively identified, and 23 of them were also new metabolites of mogrosides. In rats, siamenoside I was found to undergo deglycosylation, hydroxylation, dehydrogenation, deoxygenation, isomerization, and glycosylation reactions. Among them, deoxygenation, pentahydroxylation, and didehydrogenation were novel metabolic reactions of mogrosides. The distributions of siamenoside I and its 86 metabolites in rat organs were firstly reported, and they were mainly distributed to intestine, stomach, kidney, and brain. The most widely distributed metabolite was mogroside IIIE. In addition, eight metabolites were bioactive according to literature. These findings would help to understand the metabolism and effective forms of siamenoside I and Other mogrosides in vivo.

Keywords

LC-IT-TOF-MSn; Siraitia grosvenorii; cucurbitanes; distribution; metabolism; mogrosides; natural sweeteners; saponins; siamenoside I.

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